AQA A level DT smart materials

what is a smart material

A material that changes its physical property in response to a change in its environment or due to an input.

Shape memory alloy

A material that changes shape in response to a temperature change or electrical input. (For example braces change shape in response to a change in the human body temperature. )

thermochromic pigment

A material that changes colour due to a change in temperature . By changing its crystalline phase and structure. (Baby feeding spoons)

Phosphorescent pigment

A material that absorbs light when exposed to a light source and emits this when it becomes dark. ( Fire exit signs)

Photochromic pigment

Changes colour with light intensity. (Reactive spectacle lenses)

Electroluminescent wire

This is when a copper wire is coated in phosphorescent material, meaning it emits light in response to a alternating current passes. (outdoor decorative lighting)

Piezoelectric material

Increases in size when an electrical current passes through it.

Can also give out an electrical current when deformed (Airbags in cars)