M2 Object-Oriented Programming Flashcards

Flashcards covering fundamental concepts of object-oriented programming based on lecture notes.

Procedural Approach

Breaking down a program by what it does, using actions/verbs.

Object-Oriented Approach

Breaking down a program into entities (classes/objects), described with nouns.

Variable

A value that can change during the execution of a program.

Constant

A value that remains constant during the execution of a program.

Expression

A combination of operands (variables & constants) and operators.

Types of Expressions

Arithmetic, Conditional, and Logical.

Operator

A symbol that performs an action on the operand.

Types of Operators

Unary, Binary, and Ternary.

Class

A new type of variable that specifies what descriptive data is needed and what are the possible set of actions.

Attributes

Data associated with a class.

Methods

Actions associated with a class.

Instantiation

Creating a new instance or example of a class.

Instance Fields

Fields maintained separately for each object.

Static Fields

Fields that are common to all instances of an object.

Static Method

A method that can be executed without using an object.

Constructor

A special method which is called when objects are instantiated (created).

Default Constructor

Takes no parameters.

Parameterized Constructor

Takes one or more parameters depending on signature matching.

Destructor (Finalize Method)

A special method that gets called automatically as soon as the life-cycle of an object is finished, de-allocating and freeing memory.

this

Keyword used by an object to refer to itself.