UNIT 6 personality

personality

an individual's unique and relatively stable patterns of behaviors, characteristics, thoughts, and emotions

consciousness

our sense and awareness of reality

unconscious

beyond our awareness

preconscious

bringing thoughts to our conscious awareness with effort

ID (pleasure principle)

works in the unconscious mind and has the goal of immediately satisfying impulses

ego (reality principle)

works in the conscious and unconsciousness, considers satisfying the primitive needs

superego

works in the preconscious and unconscious, the moral levels of right or wrong, a person's conscience

defense mechanisms

theorized by Freud, distort or transform urges to protect itself from anxiety and unwanted knowledge, produced by competing superego and ID

repression

defense mechanism, reducing anxiety by blocking impulses from the consciousness

regression

defense mechanism, reducing anxiety by reverting to an earlier period of development

displacement

defense mechanism, aggressive urges are shifted towards an innocent recipient

projection

defense mechanism, anxiety producing feelings are repressed and placed on another person

denial

defense mechanism, refusal of the ego to accept the reality of a situation

reaction formation

defense mechanism, transform an unacceptable urge into it's opposite

rationalization

defense mechanism, creates excuses to justify an unacceptable impulse

sublimation

defense mechanism, channeling an unacceptable urge into something with social value

projective tests

attempts to reveal the contents of the unconscious by getting people to verbally express issues in response to an ambiguous image

reciprocal determinism

a person's behavior, environment, and personal factors interact to determine behavior

self efficacy

the degree to which a person thinks their efforts will result in a desired outcome

self esteem

one's overall sense of personal value and self worth

big five factor model OCEAN

model test continuum to determine personality traits/levels, openness, conscietiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism