Distillation Techniques

These flashcards cover key terms and definitions related to the types of distillation and their processes.

Simple Distillation

A technique used for separating a liquid from a solution, such as pure water from seawater.

Fractional Distillation

A method for separating mixtures of liquids with similar boiling points by using a fractionating column.

Condenser

An apparatus consisting of a main pipe surrounded by a water jacket, used to cool and condense vapor back into liquid.

Fractionating Column

A vertical column with high surface area, containing glass rods that help separate liquids with similar boiling points.

Bunsen Burner

A heating device used in experiments to heat substances, often placed under the flask in distillation.

Boiling Point

The temperature at which a liquid turns into vapor; critical for separating liquids during distillation.

Thermometer

An instrument used to measure the temperature inside the flask during the distillation process.

Water Jacket

A space surrounding the condenser pipe filled with cold water, which cools the vapor traveling through.

Evaporation

The process by which a liquid turns into vapor when heated, essential for both types of distillation.

Condensation

The process of vapor turning back into liquid, occurring in the condenser during distillation.