Organic Molecules/Enzymes Quiz 11/5

Honors Biology

Polymers

large molecules that are made up of the same small molecules

Monomer

small molecules that make up a polymer

Chemical Reactions

building and breaking down polymers in a cell requires this

Dehydration synthesis

the building of large molecules by bonding together smaller molecules and removing a molecule of water per bond (water is produced)

Hydrolysis

The breaking down (digestion) of a large molecule to create small molecules. This reaction requires one water molecule per bond (water is needed)

Elements in carbs

C,H,O

Function of carbs

Energy storage

Disaccharides

made by combining two monosaccharides by dehydration synthesis

Disaccharides are broken down by

hydrolysis

by combining many monosaccharides by dehydration synthesis

polysaccharides are made

elements in lipids

C,H,O

Functions of lipids

energy storage, warmth, protection

saturated fats

solid, made by animals

unsaturated fats

liquid, plant and fish oils

Triglycerides

made of 3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol

Phospholipid

made of 2 fatty acids, 1 glycerol, and 1 phosphate

elements in proteins

C,H,O,N

nonessential amino acid

we can make them

elements in nucleic acid

C, H, O, N, P

functions of nucleic acids

replication, protein synthesis