Hematologic Neoplasms Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards related to hematologic neoplasms, specifically leukemia and polycythemia vera.

Leukemia

Hematopoietic malignancy with unregulated proliferation of leukocytes.

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)

Defect in stem cell that differentiate into all myeloid cells: monocytes, granulocytes, erythrocytes, and platelets; most common nonlymphocytic leukemia.

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)

Mutation in myeloid stem cell with uncontrolled proliferation of cells; associated with the Philadelphia chromosome.

Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)

Uncontrolled proliferation of immature cells from lymphoid stem cell; most common in young children.

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)

Common malignancy of older adults derived from a malignant clone of B lymphocytes.

Lymphadenopathy

Disease of the lymph nodes, in which they are abnormal in size or consistency.

Polycythemia Vera

Cancer of the RBCs leading to massive numbers of RBCs, leukocyte and thrombocyte overproduction.

Plethoric

Having an abundance; in this context, likely referring to a ruddy or flushed appearance due to increased blood volume.

Tumor Lysis Syndrome

A complication of leukemia treatment involving the rapid breakdown of cancer cells, leading to electrolyte imbalances and renal dysfunction.

Mucositis

Inflammation of the mucous membrane.