Units 1 and 2 SAQ

Describe Song China

• The Pax Mongolica led to a unified, stable, and protected trade route

• Increased demand for luxury goods as wealth increased

• Innovations like paper money and flying cash

What luxury goods were often traded along the Silk Roads?

• Silk, cotton, and other textiles

• Spices

• Precious stones and gems

• Glassware and porcelain

What transportation technologies facilitated trade along the Silk Road?

• Camels, horses, and wheeled vehicles

• Caravans

• Navigational tools like the astrolabe and the compass

What commercial technology facilitated trade along the Silk Roads?

• Flying cash

• Invention of paper money

• Communication with writing and maps

How did the Mongol Khanates develop?

• After Genghis Khan’s death, there was debate among his successors about who was to rule the kingdom

• Split into four different kingdoms, the Yuan Dynasty, the Golden Hoard, the Ilkhanate, and Central Asia Khanate

Explain how the Mongol Khanates facilitated trade in Afro-Eurasia

• Established the Pax Mongolica, which allowed for a protected period of peace and stability

• Promoted merchants

Describe some of the cultural transfers that resulted from the Mongol khanates

•  Buddhism, Islam, and Christianity spread, because the Mongols promoted religious tolerance

• Advances in astronomy and navigation (compass and astrolabe)

Explain the various factors that led to the growth of the Indian Ocean trade networks in the 1200 - 1450 time period:

Advancements in maritime travel (lateen sails that allowed for travelling against monsoon winds) and navigation (astrolabes and compasses

Explain the impact that Indian Ocean trade had on the Swahili city-states

Integrated Swahili city-states into the trade network which fostered wealth and growth through the ability to import or export.

Explain the various factors that led to the growth of the Silk Road trade networks in the 1200 - 1450 time period:

• The Pax Mongolica led to a unified, stable, and protected trade route

• Increased demand for luxury goods as wealth increased

• Innovations like paper money and flying cash

Explain the influence of Confucianism on Song China’s political system

Merit-based bureaucracy and civil service exams and shifted power to educated officials who passed the civil service exams

Explain the influence of Confucianism on Song China’s society and culture.

Profoundly shaped China’s social hierarchy, particularly establishing classes of the scholar gentry who studied and worked based on the principles of Neo-Confucianism

Effects of Chinese production of textiles and porcelain on Song China

Greater trade on the Silk Road and Southernization as it was in demand by other countries. Many people went into making porcelain and textiles which were luxury products, and many people couldn’t afford them.

Describe the Abassid Caliphate

S - Hierarchy with elites, merchants, peasants, etc. 

P - Led by Caliphs and ruling elites, and population divided by religion (ie. Jizya tax imposed on non-Muslim population)

I - Medicine, mathematics, and other innovations during the Islamic Golden age.

C - Built the capital Baghdad, which became a center of cultural and educational achievement during the Islamic Golden age.

Describe the Seljuk Empire

Persian Sunni-Muslim state that is known for its architecture and the spread of Islam in Turkey. Built Mosques in Islam architecture style.

How did the Srivijaya Empire develop and maintain power?

Through strategic control of Maritime trade routes, such as the Strait of Malacca running through its home nation, Sumatra, and the Malay Islands. It leveraged the economic wealth from this to become an economic and religious center for Buddhism.

Describe the Great Zimbabwe

Great Zimbabwe itself was the wall that surrounded the Kingdom of Zimbabwe, which was characterized by gold, wealth, and grazing. Eventually over-grazing led to the falling of Great Zimbabwe’s walls and the abandonment of the kingdom. Characterized by a hierarchical structure emphasizing a monarch.

Describe the Malian Empire

Mali was characterized by being led by a Mansa or monarch (most well known of which is Mansa Musa), but they work in export of gems, metals, and cotton, as a wealthy center for trade.

Explain the impact of the Roman Catholic Church on Western Europe:

The Roman Catholic Church not only sparked and supported the European Renaissance, but the use of missionaries allowed for the church to spread and their ideologies to last throughout the Black Death.

Describe the political organization of feudal Europe

A King granted nobles land, who portioned their land to vassals in exchange for labor, and serfs worked said land in exchange for a living space and protection.

Describe the manorial system

A noble is granted a manor and plot of land by the King, who has vassals and serfs working and living off of the manor, as an entirely self-sufficient consistently working fief.