social and economic issues associated with urbanisation

what is economic inequality?

The difference between levels of living standards, income etc. across the whole economic distribution

what is social segregation?

When groups of people live apart from the larger population due to factors such as wealth, ethnicity, religion or age

what is economic inequality?

The difference between levels of living standards, income etc. across the whole economic distribution

what is social segregation?

When groups of people live apart from the larger population due to factors such as wealth, ethnicity, religion or age

how is housing a cause of social segregation?

wealthier people can chose where they live- better environments, services and quality of life.

how is ethnic dimension a cause of social segregation?

newly arrived immigrants concentrate in poor areas in the city due to discrimination leaving them possibly unemployed or in low paid jobs and so can only buy cheap houses or rent.

How can poverty and inequality be measured?

index of multiple deprivation

What is the index of multiple deprivation?

A measure of deprivation incorporating income, jobs, education, health, crime, services etc

What is urban social exclusion?

Issues faced by residents in areas of multiple deprivation and excluded by society due to social and physical circumstances. They cannot access good jobs due to poor education or obtain good housing because of poverty- often face high levels of crime= leads to social cohesion.

What are some examples of how poverty and inequality can be resolved in cities?

-enforcing a living wage

-provision in schools

-support fot low skilled workers

-access to affordable housing

-greater provision of public transport

-enforce minimum environmental standards