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Who was responsible for maintaining law and order from the medieval period to the Tudor and Stuart periods?
Justices of the Peace (JPs), parish constables, and town watchmen.
What was the role of a parish constable in law enforcement?
A parish constable could raise the ‘hue and cry’ to summon men to search for a criminal and could also call a ‘posse comitatus’ to stop riots.
What impact did the Acts of Union (1536 & 1543) have on Wales?
They brought Wales under English law, replacing the laws of Hywel Dda with Justices of the Peace and the English legal system.
How did the role of the Tudor gentry change in law enforcement?
The Tudor gentry (landowners) began taking on unpaid roles such as Justices of the Peace (JPs) to maintain law and order.
What were the responsibilities of Justices of the Peace (JPs) in Tudor England and Wales?
Oversee and organize parish constables and watchmen.
Monitor and control beggars and vagrants.
Administer the Poor Law (1601).
Enforce government orders and punish lawbreakers.
How effective was the role of JPs in the Tudor period?
Their responsibilities grew, they often served for many years, and they had to be elected annually, showing their effectiveness.
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