Biological Macromolecules Protiens

What is the functions of Proteins?

Support - structural

Movement - muscle contraction

Transport - hemoglobin in blood, transport across cell membranes

Buffering - some proteins can act as buffers

Metabolic regulation - enzymes are catalysts that increase rate of metabolic reactions

Coordination - protein hormones (ex. Growth hormones)

Provide immunity

What is the simplest unit of protein?

Amino acid

What is the polymer for protein?

Polypeptides (amino acid are held together by the peptide bond)

How many amino acids are there?

20 amino acids

What are the three part in amino acids?

Amino group (-NH2) - found in all amino acids

Carboxyl group (-COOH) - found in all amino acids

R group - unique functional group that differs between each amino acid.

All proteins contain….

C, H, O and N (nitrogen)

Amino group (-NH2)

Carboxyl group (-COOH)

Why does a chemical reaction not happen spontaneously or immediately?

Because they need activation energy to get the reaction going.

What is activational energy?

The amount of energy need ot start a reaction.

What does enzyme do in a chemical reaction?

Enzyme help reduce the amount of activation energy need for a chemical reaction to start

What is a substrate in a chemical reaction?

Substrate(reactants) is the molecules that the enzymes acts on

What is an active site?

The part of the enzyme the substrate attached to