Cancer Evolution and Drug Resistance

alterations accumulate in progenitor cells in a stepwise fashion which confer evolutionary advantage, outcompeting and replacing previous clones

Linear evolution model:

clonally identical cells, continuous selective sweeps

In the linear evolution model, tumours would be composed of ________ resulting from ________.

pancreatic ductal carcinoma, limited heterogeneity of known driver mutations, nearly all major driver gene alterations are present in the most recent common ancestor

In support of the linear evolution model, unlike breast, colorectal, and endometrial cancer, ________ shows ____________ and __________.

emergence of multiple subclones separated by space and/or time derived from a common ancestor eventually diverging and expanding simultaneously with differing fitness

Branched evolution model:

intratumoural heterogeneity

The branched evolution model results in…