BIO MINI TEST IVTP

which piercings take the longest to heal?

Cartilage & Navel

what are the dangers of piercings

Blood borne disease, allergic reactions, infections, poor healing, regrets/location complications, tearing or trauma.

who is the oldest tattoo artist and why is she important

Whang-Od she helped her culture alive through multiple bouts of colonization

What are the three phases of healing after a piercing?

inflammation, proliferation & maturation phase

Bonus when are keloids common to happen

during the proliferation phase when the scar tissue builds up

What is the difference between innate and adaptive immune responses?

Innate is - broad spectrum (attacks anything)

Adaptive is - specialized response (attacks specifically)

what is a keloid

increased collagen, scar tissue that builds up

what are the three layers of skin? which one holds the tattoo ink, How is the ink introduced to this layer?

Epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous fat

Ink is introduced via capillary action

why do vaccines have seemingly harmful additives

The additives cause the immune system to react to the vaccine and start the immune memory process

why do scientists mummified remains have evidence of piercings but do not have the object that was inserted

In the past they used natural items that would degrade before the mummification process was completed

what is the multiple sclerosis, what is deteriorating, why are the symptoms intermittent

MS is an autoimmune disease which attacks the neuronal lining and impacts communication between neurons. MS symptoms are intermittent because myelin can regrow and re-connect neurons.

UV reactive tattoos are cancerous. True or false, correct the statement.

false

UV reactive tattoos are NOT cancerous

In which ways could organ transplants impact the immune system

Graft vs host - Donor cells reject recipient cells

Host vs graft - recipient cells reject donor cells

why would age impact the healing process? Which other things affect the healing of a piercing?

Age impacts how well the immune system reacts. As we age skin elasticity changes which makes skin delicate.

Other factors:

1.   Health

2.   Weight of the jewelry

3.   Jewelry material

4.   Skin health

5.   Presence or absence of scar tissue

What do the following cells and structures do within the immune system:

Helper T cells: assist cytotoxic T cells by detecting foreign invaders, enhancing B cell response, and altering other T cells of infection

B-cells: main player in antibody-mediated immunity

Antibody: bind to specific antigens and are used as a target for the immune system to attack

How can immunity be acquired?

Natural Immunity = occurs following previous

exposure to infectious disease.

Passive Immunity = temporary transfer of antibodies

from one individual to another.

Vaccination = injectable or oral exposure to

weakened form of pathogen.

Name the different types of vaccines and differentiate between them

1. Live attenuated- weaker pathogen (hard to make and can have side effects)

2.   Inactive vaccine- the pathogen is killed (does not provide long-term protection)

3.   Subunit- made from antigens

4.   DNA vaccines- uses the genetic code of the pathogen to make the vaccine.

> The Covid vaccine is an RNA vaccine