Vocab: Early Medieval Art

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43 Terms

1

animal style

a medieval art form in which animals are depicted in a stylized and often complicated pattern, usually seen fighting with one another

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2

Chasing

to ornament metal by indenting into a surface with a hammer

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3

Cloisonné

enamel work in which colored areas are separated by thin bands of metal, usually gold or bronze

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4

Codex

a manuscript book

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5

Colophon

1) a commentary on the end panel of a Chinese scroll, 2) an inscription at the end of a manuscript containing relevant information on its publication

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6

Fibula (plural: fibulae)

a clasp used to fasten garments

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7

horror vacui

(Latin, "fear of empty spaces") a type of artwork in which the entire surface is filled with objects, people, designs, and ornaments in a crowded and sometimes congested way.

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8

Parchment

a writing surface made from animal skins; particularly fine parchment made of calf skin is called vellum

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9

Scriptorium (plural: scriptoria)

a place in a monastery where monks wrote manuscripts

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10

zoomorphic

having elements of animal shapes

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11

Spolia

the reuse of architectural or sculptural pieces in buildings generally different from their original contexts.

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12

Catacomb

an underground passageway used for burial

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13

Loculi

Openings in the walls of catacombs to receive the dead.

<p>Openings in the walls of catacombs to receive the dead.</p>
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14

Cubicula

Small underground rooms in catacombs serving as mortuary chapels

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15

Ornant Figure

a figure with its hands raised in prayer

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16

Lunette

A crescent-shaped space, sometimes over a doorway, that contains sculpture or painting.

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17

Pastoral

1. Related to keeping or grazing of sheep or cattle

2. (in the Christian Church) concerning or appropriate to the giving of spiritual guidance:"He was tasked with pastoral care for the congregation."

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18

Basilica

An axial planned church, with a long nave, side aisles, and an apse for the altar

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19

Atrium

a courtyard in a Roman house or before a Christian church

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20

Narthex

The closest part of the atrium to the basilica, it serves as vestibule, or lobby, of a church.

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21

Nave

the main aisle of a church

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22

Transept

an aisle in a church perpendicular to the nave, where the clergy originally stood

<p>an aisle in a church perpendicular to the nave, where the clergy originally stood</p>
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23

Apse

the endpoint of a church where the altar is located

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24

Coffer

a sunken panel in a ceiling

<p>a sunken panel in a ceiling</p>
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25

Ambulatory

a place for walking, especially an aisle

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26

Gospels

Four books in the New Testament that tell the story of Christ's life and teachings. Mathew, Mark, Luke, and John.

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27

Pendentive

A construction shaped like a triangle that transitions the space between flat walls and the base of the round dome.

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28

Squinch

The polygonal base of a dome that makes a transition from the round dome to a flat wall.

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29

Central plan (church)

A church having a circular plan with the altar in the middle.

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30

Martyrium

a shrine built over a place of martyrdom or a grave of a martyred Christian saint

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31

Mosaic

a decoration using pieces of stone, marble, or colored glass, called tesserae, that are cemented to a wall or a floor

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32

Paten

a plate, dish, or bowl used to hold the Eucharist at a Christian ceremony

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33

Eucharist

The bread sanctified by the priest at the Christian ceremony commemorating the last supper.

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34

Scriptoria

A room set apart for writing, especially in a monastery where manuscripts were copied

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35

illuminated manuscript

A manuscript that is hand decorated with painted initials, marginal illustrations, and larger images that add a pictorial element to the written text.

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36

Codex

A manuscript book, made of antelope or calf hide, called vellum, or sheep or goat hide, called parchment (both more durable than papyrus and therefore a vast improvement on the scroll.)

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37

Genesis

The first book of the Bible. It begins with the story of creation and ends with the death of Joseph in Egypt.

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38

Icon

A devotional panel depicting a sacred image.

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39

Theotokos

The Virgin Mary in her role as the Mother of God.

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40

Encaustic

painting technique in which pigments are mixed with hot liquid wax

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41

Iconoclasm

The destruction of religious images in the Byzantine Empire in the 8th and 9th centuries.

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42

Axial Plan

When seen in a church, the building has a long nave whose focus is the apse; so called because it is designed along an axis.

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43

Clerestory

In Late Antique architecture- the third, or window, story of a church

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