Major Endocrine Glands and Hormone Function HAP

Releasing/Inhibiting Hormones

Gland: Hypothalamus

Target: NA

Function: Controls Pituitary gland

Melatonin

Gland: Pineal

Target:NA

Function: sleep/awake cycle

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Gland: posterior Pituitary

Target: Kidneys

Function: decreases urine production (retains water)

Growth Hormone (GH)

Gland: Anterior Pituitary

Target: All cells

Function: stimulates growth (mitosis)

Follicle-Stimulation hormone (FSH)

Gland: anterior Pituitary

Target:ovaries and testes

Function: egg and sperm production

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

Gland:Anterior Pituitary

Target: Ovaries and testese

Function: stimulates ovaries and testes

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

Gland:Anterior Pituitary

Target: Tyroid

Function: Stimulates thyroid gland

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)

Gland: Anterior Pituitary

Target: Adrenal Gland

Function: stimulates adrenal cortex

Thyroxine

Gland:Thyroid

Target: NA

Function:Stimulates metabolism (rate of energy production)

Calcitonin

Gland: Thyroid

Target: Bones

Function: stimulates storage of Calcium (increase blood calcium)

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

Gland: parathyroid

Target: NA

Function:Stimulates release of Calcium (increase blood calcium)

Thymosin

Gland: NA

Target:NA

Function: “Programs” T lymphocytes

Adrenaline

Gland: Adrenal

Target:NA

Function: immediate stress response (raise blood glucose, increase metabolism, increase heart rate)

Cortisol

Gland: Adrenal

Target: NA

Function: long term stress response

Aldosterone (Mineralocorticoids)

Gland:Adrenal

Target:NA

Function: promote reabsorportion of Na+ and excretion of K+ in Kidneys

Testosterone

Gland:Testes

Target:NA

Function:Sperm production, menstruation, secondary sex characteristics

Estrogens

Gland:Ovaries

Target:NA

Function:egg production, menstruation, secondary sex characteristics

Progesterone

Gland:Ovaries

Target:NA

Function:menstruation

Insulin

Gland:Pancreas

Target:Body Cells (To use glucose) AND Liver(to store glucose

Function: increase uptake of glucose by cells (reduces blood glucose)

Glucacgon

Gland:Pancreas

Target:Liver

Function: Increase release of glucose from liver (raises blood glucose)