Special Education Chapter 2

The disaibility rights movement in special education is in response to the following:

discrimination/segregation

advocacy (parent, consumer)

court cases (PARC, MILLS)

congress action (EHA/IDEA, NCLB, ESSA)

disability as a microculture (ADA)

labels and language “people/student first language”

Dignity relating to speicial education acts, laws, and litigation

congress said at beginning of IDEA (education for all handicapped children act 1975)

Culture

customary beleifs, social forms, material traits of a racial, religious, or social group

macro culture

a dominant societal culture

microculture

a smaller group within a dominant culture that share similar common identies such as language, class, religion, gender, race/ethnicity, disability, income, geography, and other characteristics

Bias

refers to your own personal cultural “measuring stick” used to judge of people according to our own code of conduct and lifestyle

explicit bias -

conscious level attitudes that we readily express and apply when we are with people who do or do not share our cultural identity

implicit bias

unconscious level biases that influence our attitudes about other people, but we are not aware of our bias

reducing bias

be aware of bias

increase emapthy and communication

practice mindfulness and kidness

develop cross group relationships

implict and explicit bias affect our behaviors, leading us to make decisions that fail to dignify students

restorative justice

instructional practices/teachings that are alternatives to harmful punishment

cultural reciprocity

the exchange of knowledge, values, and, perspectives between two more different cultures

culturally responsive teaching

uses experiences, perspectives, family and social networks, strengths, and needs of diverse students as a resource to ensure learning and positive outcomes

culturually responsive teaching

uses the experiences, perspectives, family and social networks, strengths, and needs of diverse students as a resource to ensure learning and positive outcomes

knowledges of students, explore your own biases, increase your knowledge and experiences of other cultures , be a role model and set the tone, challenge students, build on student life experiences, create classroom communities, use examples and content from different cultures to explain key concepts

intersectionality

how disability, race, and other microcultures intersect with each other affecting some students more negatively than others causing disproportionate discrimination in special education

disproportionality

refers to the overrepresentation or underrepresentation of students with disaibilities who are also from various microcultures

(africans over represented, asians underrepresented)

Three main areas of disproportionality in special education

identification for special education (eligilibility)

educational placement (LRE)

discipline (suspension/explusion)

LEA

Local ed Association School district