Nutrition overview

Protein calories

4 cal/g

Nutrition

________: the biochemical and physiological process by which an organism uses food to support its life.

Calorie

________: unit of energy, the amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of 1kg of water 1°C.

Diet

________: the customary amount and kind of food and drink a person takes in day to day.

Nutrients

________: the constituents of food necessary to sustain the normal functions of the body.

Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDC)

________ is not the minimal requirement for healthy individuals, but rather it provides a margin of safety for most individuals.

Dietary Reference Intakes

________ (DRI): estimates of the amounts of nutrients required to prevent deficiencies and maintain optimal health and growth.

Adequate Intake

A(n) ________ (AI) is set instead of an RDA if there is insufficient scientific evidence available to calculate an EAR of RDA.

DRI

The ________ consists of 4 dietary reference standards for the intake of nutrients designated for specific age groups, gender, and physiologic states.

micro- nutrients

Nutrients needed in lesser amounts

Fat calories

9 cal/g

Carbohydrate calories

4 cal/g

macro-nutrients

Nutrients needed in larger amounts

macro-nutrients include:

* fats
* carbohydrates
* protein

micro-nutrients include:

* vitamins
* minerals
* essential fatty acids
* essential amino acids

DRI consists of:

1. Estimated Average Requirement
2. Recommended Dietary Allowance
3. Adequate Intake
4. Tolerable Upper Intake Level

special factors that can influence Dietary Reference Intakes

pregnancy and lactation in women

designed to meet the nutritional needs of the healthy

DRI

Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL/TUL)

The highest average daily intake level that is likely to pose no risk of adverse health effects to almost all individuals in the general population.

Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDC)

The average daily nutrient intake level that is sufficient to meet the requirement of nearly all (97% - 98%) individuals in a particular life stage and gender group.