aubf vaginal secretions

GLANDS IN THE CERVIX

Vaginal secretions are normally produced by the

ALKALINE

If the fluid that is collected passes through the

cervix, the fluid that is collected will be

WATER, NUTRIENTS, ELECTROLYTES, AND PROTEINS

Vaginal Secretion contains what?

HORMONAL AND DIETARY FACTORS

Vaginal secretions are altered by?

ESTROGEN

The hormone prevalent that affects vaginal secretion is the?

OB-GYNE; PELVIC EXAMINATION

Vaginal secretions are collected by? during?

0,.5-1 mL STERILE PHYSIOLOGIC SALINE (NSS)

Swab is often placed directly in to a ?

CERVIX

During method of collection, vaginal secretions shouldn't pass through?

pH

What would affect the diagnosis since it is one of the main criteria in assessing vaginal disorder?

BEFORE PLACING IT IN A CONTAINER

if pH testing would be performed, it should be

performed?

NEISSERIA GONORRHEA

What is the most prevalent bacteria in the

vaginal secretions?

WITHIN 2 HOURS

Vaginal secretions should be transported within?

JERKY MOTILITY

In assessing T. vaginalis, what is needed to be seen before reporting?

WARMED SPECULUM

what material is used to visualize the vaginal fornices?

DACRON AND RAYON

What material is used to avoid damage or dying of microorganisms?

NEISSERIA GONORRHEA (FA)

Cotton swabs are toxic to?

CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS

Wooden shaft is toxic to?

HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUSE (HSV)

Calcium alginate (tip) is toxic to?

SPECULUM LUBRICANTS

What is needed to be avoided in collecting vaginal secretion?

CONTAINS ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS (POISONOUS)

Why is speculum lubricants needs to be avoided?

MOTILITY

T.vaginalis is observed for?

TEMPERATURE

N. gonorrhoeae is sensitive to?

N. GONORRHOEAE AND T. VAGINALIS

What is observed at room temp?

C. TRACHOMATIS AND HSV

what is observed at refrigerator temp?

LITMUS PAPER/ COMMERICIAL pH PAPER

What test is used for determining pH?

MENS STATUS, EXPOSURE, VAGINAL LUBRICANTS

Specimen is accompanied by the follow information?

PATIENT'S NAME/IDENTIFICATION, TEST REQUESTED

In request form:

CANDIDIASIS

White spots

RTRICHOMONIASIS

Strawberry cervix

pH

what is usually the first one detected (tested before putting in the container)

white and may have a flocculent discharge

containing a few WBCs

Normal appearance of vaginal secretions

3.8-4.5

normal pH for vaginal secretions?

LACTOBACILLUS SPP.

part of normal flora; serves to protect and prevent the overgrowth of other organisms that

may cause bacterial vaginosis

ALTERATION IN THE NORMAL FLORA

If the patient is not suspected of STI, there may

be an?

TRUE

T/F: G. vaginalis is also a part of the normal flora but in small numbers?

MENSTRUATING

reddish discharge is encountered when?

ENDOMETRIUM

Menstruation is the shedding of the?

EHITE, FLOCCULENT DISCHARGE

Normal appearance of vaginal secretion?

KOH

Amine (whiff) test entails the use of?

TRIMETHYLAMINE

KOH is added to Amine test to detect?

NEGATIVE

Normal vaginal secretion results what to Amine test?

KOH

Reagent of amine test

FISHY ODOR

trimethylamine into polyamines produces what kind of odor?

MALODOR

odor when there is bacterial infection

RARE TO 2+

Normal WBCs in vaginal secretion?

PREDOMINANT

Normal Lactobacilli in vaginal secretion?

ABSENT

Normal clue cells in vaginal secretion?

YEAST

What is occasional found in vaginal secretions

BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS

Abnormal Appearance and pH: THIN, WHITE/GRAY OR GRAY

CANDIDA INFECTIONS

Abnormal Appearance and pH: "COTTAGE CHEESE"

APPEARANCE

AXOSTYLE

What does T.vaginalis have that bisects the trophozoite longitudinally; Serves as an attachment; and causes the "strawberry cervix" in trichomoniasis

FITTING OR JERKY

T. vaginalis has what kind of motility?

MOVEMENT; BIGGER

T. vaginalis is similar to sperm due to the __ ; but __ than the sperm

BALL UP

Similar to WBCs because when they die, they ___ and look similar to WBCs.

TOXIC

T. vaginalis stains are

QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CONFIRMATION

Parasites are viewed under stained smears only for?

ANAEROBIC ENVIRONMENT

T.vaginalis thrives in?

pH 6

T. vaginalis has an optimal and metabolic growth at?

BLASTOSPORES

Budding yeast cells

PSEDUOHYPHAE

Yeast cells that is Multiple buds that do not detach & form chains; BRANCHING

HYPHAE

Yeast cells that is Multiple buds that do not detach & form chains; NOT BRANCHING

YEAST CELLS

Candida albicans and non-Candida species

WHIFF TEST

Do ___ before applying 10% KOH to the

slide

5 minutes

In KOH; how many minutes should a slide stand?

HEAT

In KOH mount; what may be applied to speed up the process?

1 DROP OF 10% GLYCERIN

In KOH mount; what can be added to prevent

deterioration or for preservation?

FALSE

T/F: Volatile amines are present in normal vaginal secretion

RARE

WHIFF TEST: Fewer than 10 organisms or cells/slide

1+

WHIFF TEST: Fewer than 1 organism or

cell/hpf

2+

WHIFF TEST: 1-5 organisms or cells/hpf

3+

WHIFF TEST: 6-30 organisms or cells/hpf

4+

WHIFF TEST: >30 organisms or cells/hpf

GRAM STAIN

Confirmatory test (final identification of bacteria and yeast)

BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS

Gram stain is a Gold standard for?

NUGENT SCORE

Checks for morphotypes and Lactobacillus

● Further checks for variations in normal flora

0-3

Normal vaginal flora

4-6

intermediate

7 or more

Bacterial vaginosis

7 or higher

What should be the nugent score in order to be identified as bacterial vaginosis?

CULTURE

Gold standard for yeast and Trichomonas

SABOURAUD DEXTROSE AGAR (SDA)

Yeast is planted in?

MALDI-TOF OR VITEK ASSESSMENT

In culture, If the laboratory has machines, yeast undergoes ___ ; rarely biochemical

tests.

TIME CONSUMING

Why is culture not often done?

DIAMOND MEDIUM

T.vaginalis uses what kind of medium?

30 MIN

In commercial transport and culture pouch system, T.vaginalis is inoculated within?

5 DAYS AT 37C in CO2 atmosphere

In commercial transport and culture pouch system, T.vaginalis is incubated within?

1 hour

DNA hybridization probe results?

DNA PROBES AMPLIFIED BY PCR

Most accurate diagnostic method

NONVIABLE ORGANISMS

Dna probes amplified by PCR detects?

MOLECULAR TESTING

If Trichomonas vaginalis was suspected under the wet mount but was unequivocal, ___ is needed.

OSOM TRICHOMONAS RAPID TEST

Immunochromatographic strip results in 10 minutes

● T. vaginalis antigen

BLUE LINE

Osom trichomonas rapid test positive result?

OSOM BVBLUE TEST

Vaginal fluid sialidase

● Bacterial pathogens

● Gardnerella, Bacteroides, Prevotella, Mobilincus

1 MINUTE

OSOM BVBLUE test results within?

BV BLUE

OSOM BVBLUE test positive result?

FEMEXAM pH

Can also detect presence of Gardnerella vaginalis and the production of Proline Aminopeptidase

pH and TRIMETHYLAMINE

FemExam pH detects ___ at the same time

FETAL FIBRONECTIN ENZYME TEST

Isoform of fibronectin

● Adhesive glycoprotein produced by the fetal cells

CHORION (FETAL SACS) AND DECIDUA (UTERINE LINING)

Fetal fibronectin enzyme is found in the space between?

FETAL FIBRONECTON ENZYME TEST

Binds the fetal sac to the uterine lining and begins to break down toward the end of pregnancy