substance use disorders + psychoactive drugs

module 1.3b

depressants

alcohol, barbiturates (tranquilizers), and opiods

calm neural activity and slow body functions

barbiturate drugs (tranquilizers)

nembutal, seconal, and amytal

depress nervous system activity, sometimes perscribed to induce sleep or reduce anxiety

opioids

opium, heroin, methadone, narcotics

depress neural functioning, temporarily lessens pain and anxiety

stimulants

caffeine, nicotine, cocaine, amphetamines, methamphetamine (speed), ecstasy

excite neural activity and speed up body functions (faster breathing, high blood sugar levels, reduced appetite, high energy + self confidence)

hallucinogens

LSD, MDMA (ecstasy), psilocybin, ayahuasca, marijuana

psychedelic (mind-manifesting), distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in absence of sensory input

alcohol

depressant

pleasurable effects

• initial high followed by relaxation and disinhibition

possible negative effects

• depression, memory loss, organ damage, impaired reactions

heroin

depressant

pleasurable effects

• rush of euphoria, relief from pain

possible negative effects

• depressed physiology, loss of natural endorphin function

caffeine

stimulant

pleasurable effects

• increased alertness and wakefulness

possible negative effects

• anxiety, restlessness, and insomnia in high doses

nicotine

stimulant

pleasurable effects

• arousal and relaxation, sense of well-being

possible negative effects

• heart disease, cancer

cocaine

stimulant

pleasurable effects

• rush of euphoria, confidence, energy

possible negative effects

• cardiovascular stress, suspiciousness, depressive crash

methamphetamine

stimulant

pleasurable effects

• euphoria, alertness, energy

possible negative effects

• irritability, insomnia, hypertension, seizures

ecstasy (MDMA)

stimulant; mild hallucinogen

pleasurable effects

• emotional elevation, disinhibition

possible negative effects

• dehydration, overheating, depressed mood, impaired cognitive and immune functioning

LSD

hallucinogen

pleasurable effects

• visual “trip”

possible negative effects

• risk of panic

marijuana

mild hallucinogen

pleasurable effects

• enhanced sensation, relief of pain, distortion of time, relaxation

possible negative effects

• impaired learning and memory, increased risk of psychological disorders

depressant

what type of drug is alcohol?

depressant

what type of drug is heroin?

stimulant

what type of drug is caffeine?

stimulant

what type of drug is nicotine?

stimulant

what type of drug is cocaine?

stimulant

what type of drug is methamphetamine?

stimulant; mild hallucinogen

what type of drug is ecstasy?

hallucinogen

what type of drug is LSD?

mild hallucinogen

what type of drug is marijuana?