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Definition
voluntary acts intended to benefit another person
Evidence for prosociality early in development
newborns cry in response to another infant crying
toddlers spontaneously help with care of siblings/household chores
toddlers show similar positive emotional responses when achieving a goal for themselves and when they help another achieve the same goal
2-3 year-olds unlikely to show spontaneous, costly prosocial development
Gender differences of prosocial behaviour
girls help/share more than boys, with a small effect size
factors associated with prosocial behaviour
biology: studeis on gene-environment interactions indicate temperament, personality, and genetics
socialisation: gender expectations, cultural influences, and parental discipline
individual difference: empathy, theory of mind, perspective-taking