Neuroanatomy Chapter 9 Basal Ganglia

In Chorea, the patient exhibits involuntary, quick, jerky, irregular movements that are _______

nonrepetitive

Huntington Disease is caused by defect on chromosome ______

Destroys neuron that produces inhibitory chemicals (GABA and Acetylcholine)

4

Brain becomes overactive leads to jerky movements, dementia, and immobility

In Huntington, acetylcholine is low but dopamine is overactive and increases

Sydenham Chorea

Occurs in children after rheumatic fever

Body immune system attack brain’s basal nuclei instead of just bacteria

Temporary

Hemiballismus is damage to ______ _______ usually due to stroke.

Causing one side of body suddenly flings or kicks out of control.

subthalamic nucleus

Essential vs Parkinson Tremor

Essential: Shaking occurs when using muslces (active)

Parkinson: Shaking occurs when muscles relaxed

Parkinson is caused by death of _______ _______

substantia nigra

These neuron produce dopamine

4 key characteristic of Parkinson

Tremor

Rigidiity

Bradykinesia

Postural Disturbances

Iatrogenic Parkinsonism can be a side effect of what drug?

Antipsychotic (Phenothiazines)

What is Selegiline

Drug inhibits monoamine oxidase

Monoamine oxidase is responsible for destroying dopamine

What secretes glutamate for movement

What secretes GABA and Acetylcholine

What secretes Dopamine

Cerebral cortex

Corpus striatum

Substantia Nigra

What is the disease of too much dopamine?

Schizophrenia