CSE-100 Midterm 2 Review

________ are C++ operators that change their operands by one.

++ and —

True/False: To decrement a number means to increase its value.

False

The ++ operator (3 part)

A) is a unary operator.
B) adds one to the value of its operand.
C) can operate in prefix or postfix mode.

What will the following code print?
num = 8;
cout << --num << " ";
cout << num++ << " ";
cout << num;

7 7 8

The while loop has two important parts: a condition that is tested and a statement or block of statements that is _________

epeated as long as the condition is true

True/False: The block of code in the body of a while statement can contain an unlimited number of statements, provided they are enclosed in a set of braces.

True

True/False: A while loop may have a semicolon after the test expression and before the body of the loop, but it is not required.

False

True/False: A while loop is somewhat limited, because the counter can only count up, not down.

False

The while loop is a(n) ________ loop, whereas the do-while loop is a(n) ________ loop.

pretest, post test

The statements in the body of a do-while loop are executed

at least once

A sentinel is a special value that

marks the end of a list of values

A for statement contains three expressions: initialization, test, and

update

In a for statement, the ________ expression is executed only once

initialization

True/False: An initialization expression may be omitted from the for loop if no initialization is required

True

You may define a(n) ________ in the initialization expression of a for loop.

Variable

True/False: When a loop is nested inside another loop, the outer loop goes through all its iterations for each iteration of the inner loop

False

A variable that keeps a running total of data values is called a(n)

Accumulator

For data validation, it is best to use a(n)

while loop

To use files in a C++ program you must include the ________ header file

fstream

To use an output file in a C++ program you must

1.) create a file stream object that will "point to" (i.e. reference) the file.
2.) open the file.

To ________ a value means to increase it.

increment

The -- operator

A) is a unary operator.
B) subtracts one from the value of its operand.
C) must have a value, such as a variable, as its operand.
D) can be used in either prefix or postfix mode.

What will the following code print?
num = 5;
cout << num++ << " ";
cout << num-- << " ";
cout << --num;

5 6 4

The while loop has two important parts: a condition that is tested and a statement or block of statements that is executed

as long as the condition is true

If nothing within a while loop ever causes the condition to become false, a(n) ________ may occur.

infinite loop

True/False: A while loop is somewhat limited because the counter can only be incremented or decremented by one each time through the loop.

False

A(n) ________ is a variable that controls the number of times a loop iterates.

loop control variable

A(n) ________ is a variable that is regularly incremented or decremented each time a loop iterates.

counter

True/False: When a loop is nested inside another loop, the inner loop goes through all its iterations for each iteration of the outer loop.

True

A(n) ________ is a special value that marks the end of a list of values.

sentinel

The do-while loop is a(n) ________ loop, whereas the while loop is a(n) ________ loop.

post test, pretest

True/False: You can nest a for loop inside another for loop, but cannot nest a while loop inside another while loop or a do-while loop inside another do-while loop

False

The statements in the body of a do-while loop are executed

at least once

True/False: Before beginning to add value to it, an accumulator should be initialized to 1.

False

The ________ statement causes a loop to terminate early.

break

If a while loop has no braces around the body of the loop

the loop body contains just one statement

The ideal type of loop to use if you want a user to enter exactly 20 values is a(n) ________ loop.

for

The ideal type of loop to use for repeating a menu is a(n) ________ loop

do-while

To use files in a C++ program you must include the ________ header file

fstream

In order for a C++ program to read data from a file

A) the file must already exist.
B) the program must define a file stream object that can "point to" (i.e., reference) the file.
C) the program must open the file.

Breaking a program up into a set of manageable sized functions is called ________ programming

modular

A function ________ includes the statements that make up the function

definition

A function other than the main function is executed

whenever it is called

True/False: A function can have zero to many parameters and either zero or one return value(s)

True

In a function header, in addition to the name of the function, you are required to furnish

A) a data type for each parameter.
B) an identifier name for each parameter.
C) the data type of the return value

In a function prototype, in addition to the name of the function, you are required to furnish

A) a data type for each parameter.

B) the data type of the return value.

In a function call, in addition to the name of the function, you are required to furnish

an identifier name or constant for each argument.

A void function is one that

returns no value.

True/False: Functions are ideal for use in menu-drive programs. When a user selects a menu item, the program can call an appropriate function to carry out the user's choice

True

A ________ variable is defined inside the body of a function and is not accessible outside that function.

local

The value in ________ local variable is retained between function calls.

A static

True/False: When a function just needs to use a copy of an argument passed to it, the argument should normally be passed by value.

True

When used as a parameter, a ________ variable allows a function to access and modify the original argument passed to it

reference

True/False: It is possible for a function to have some parameters with default arguments and some
without.

True

Two or more functions may have the same name provided that

their parameter lists are different

When more than one function has the same name they are called ________ functions

overloaded

The ________ statement causes a function to end and the flow of control to move back to the point where the function call was made.

return

True/False: A function with a return type of bool must return a value of either true or false.

True

The ________ function causes the entire program to terminate, regardless of which function or control mechanism is executing

exit()

A ________ is a program module whose purpose is to test other modules by calling them

driver

True/False: One reason for using functions is to break programs into a set of manageable units, or modules.

True

A function ________ is a statement that causes a function to execute

call

A void function is one that

returns no value

True/False: If a function has no return statement, the flow of control moves to the next function in the file when the closing brace of the function body is reached.

False

A(n) ________ is information that is passed to a function, and a(n) ________ is a special variable that receives and holds that information.

argument, parameter

A function can have ________ parameters, and it can have either zero or one return value(s)

zero to many

True/False: When you make a function call, the order of the arguments you send does not matter as long as the number of arguments matches the number of parameters the function has

False

When only a copy of an argument is passed to a function, it is said to be passed

by value

When a function needs access to an original argument passed to it, for example in order to change its value, the argument needs to be

passed into a reference parameter

A function ________ eliminates the need to place the function definition before all calls to the function

prototype

A ________ variable is declared outside all functions.

global

In the following statement, what is 22.0?
cout << sqrt(22.0);

An argument

True/False: Although global variables can be useful, it is considered good programming practice to
restrict your use of them

True

True/False: Both function headers and function calls must list the data types of all data being passed to the function

False

A(n) ________ argument is one that is automatically passed to a parameter when the argument is left out of the function call.

default

True/False: In C++ global and local numeric variables are initialized to zero by default.

FalseA static local variable is one

A static local variable is one

whose value is retained between function calls

An overloaded function is one

that has the same name as another function.

True/False: You may use the exit() function to return the flow of control from a function back to main() regardless of where the function was called from.

False

A ________ is a dummy function that is called instead of the actual function it represents, to test that the call to and return from the function are working correctly.

stub

True/False: Object-oriented programming is centered around objects that include both data and the functions that operate on them.

True

True/False: ADT stands for Algorithmic Data Type

False

Which of the following statements about ADTs are true.

A) They specify the values the data type can hold.
B) They specify the operations the data type can perform.
C) They hide the details of how the data type is implemented

True/False: A class declaration provides a pattern for creating objects, but doesn’t make any objects.

True

An object typically hides its data, but allows outside code to access it through its

public member functions

In OOP terminology, an object's member variables are often called its ________, and its member functions are sometimes referred to as its ________.

attributes, methods

When three different objects of a class are created, they are said to be separate ________ of the class.

instances

When the body of a member function is defined inside a class declaration, it is called a(n) ________ function.

inline

True/False: A constructor is a public class function that is automatically invoked (i.e., called) whenever a class object is created

True

True/False: A class must have exactly one constructor.

False

A constructor may have a return type of

None

A constructor that does not require that any arguments be passed to it is called a(n) ________ constructor.

default

A destructor is a member function that

is automatically called when an object is destroyed

A(n) ________ member function may be called by a statement in a function that is outside of the class.

public

A C++ member function that uses, but does not change, the value of a member variable is called

an accessor

Accessors are sometimes called ________ functions and mutators are sometimes called ________ functions.

get, set

If Circle is the name of a class, which of the following statements would create a Circle object named myCircle?

Circle myCircle;

If setRadius is a Circle class function and myCircle is a Circle object, which of the following statements would set myCircle's radius to 2.5?

myCircle.setRadius(2.5);

True/False: A structure has member variables, like an object, but they are usually all public and accessed directly with the dot operator, instead of by calling member functions.

True

True/False: An Abstract data type (ADT) is a programmer-defined data type that specifies the values the type can hold, the operations that can be performed on them, and how the operations will be implemented.

False