AP GOV Unit 3

what law passage has led to the explosion of interest, groups, and lobbying

FECA

Madison argued that a large______ Can help curb the power of interest group

republic

What is pluralism?

interest group competition

what was Madison‘s opinion on factions

bad but controllable

Who fills the power vacuum when parties fail to deliver results?

Interest groups

when the government creates an agency ____ ______ often gets created as well

an interest group

Traditional interest interest group

Go to promote economic interest of its members

Non-traditional interest group

Go to protest the status of this members to convince government to take action

Single issue interest group

go to get government action on one overwriting issue, Polarizing effect

public interest group

Goes to bring about good policy for society as a whole

Ideological interest group

Goes to convince government to implement policies that are consistent with their philosophies

Litigation

Process of resolving right disputes through court system

Who is under represented by interest groups and why is that?

Low income, they lack resources

Out of all interest groups, which one is the most polarizing

Single issue

What is an example of an ideological interest group?

Christian coalition

What is an initiative?

Registered voter force public vote

what are Amicus curiae briefs?

friend/ person w/ what is being fought for, of the group does lawsuit for the group

ex. disabled people

How would the NRA use a report card on a candidate to influence the Election

Give people knowledge of multiple candidates

ways groups might try to influence the political process

initiative, Referendum, Recall and mass mailing

Referendum

when registered voters get to accept or reject proposal

Recall

Vote to remove candidate

At what government level, our initiative, referendum and recall practice

State

The bigger, the interest group the more____ They have but the less____

money, Cohesiveness

Describe the free rider Problem

People benefit without buying into the interest group

How can you avoid the free rider problem?

Offered incentive for people to join

what is lobbying

Trying to influence a public official

what does grassroots mean?

Lobbying at its lowest level

lobbyist are sometimes called a _____ House of Congress

3rd

One of the best strategies that interest groups can use is librarian and Congress to make ______

small Changes to existing legislation

Lobbyist try to influence Congress by providing

Information on technical issues

What is concerning about lobbies and where they came from?

corrupt, rich and powerful over represented and contribute to political polarization

what is the revolving door?

When a politician works for a public, then a private sector

what did the federal election campaign act of the 1970s require?

To disclose contributions and expenditure

What is soft money?

money spent for candidate Without being given

groups can criticize Candidates running for office in

Public financing ads

what was the ruling of Buckley v. Valeo

First amendment protest spending as a form of expression

what are spending limits on congressional campaign expenditures?

individuals $1k, PAC $5k

Citizens United v. FEC

Corporations have the right to engage in political speech

The bipartisan campaign reform act of 2002 was designed to shorten what

soft money donations

what is a superPAC

independent expenditure only committee, unlimited amount spent

if a candidate chooses to accept federal matching funds, what do they have to give up?

Money from other sources

what Supreme Court decision set the stage for unlimited superPAC Spending

Buckley v. Valero (1976) FECA

socialist libertarian, and green parties are all examples of

3rd parties

example of divided government

When President house of representatives and Senate are not all a part of the same party

How has party membership changed in the last 50 years?

People are becoming more independent

while the 1980s brought Republicans to the White House, many congressmen and state governments were still

Democratic

Committee chairs in the house of reps are always going to belong to which party

Republic majority

What type of mechanism are parties?

linking

every four years, the parties have a ____ ______ Where they develop a ____ _____

National convention, party platform

What important contributions do third parties

raise issue, spoiler role

What is an obstacle in the way of third-party victory

winner take all system

how has the primary system changed the selection of candidates Election

Candidate senator campaign

People that work for congressman are

partisan

civil service exams have put an end to the

patronage/ spoil system

judicial branch appointments are

partisan

17th amendment

Direct election of US senators

what # has grown Democrat national conventions

People of color and women delegates

Who determines the boundaries of congressional districts

State legislators

during election season, the media most frequently reports

Who’s winning?

what is the word for the type of journalism that reports on who’s winning?

Horse race

Study shows that journalist _____ Than the public

liberal

newspaper owners are traditionally ____ Than the public

conservative

The most important thing to news channels is

Money

it is likely that a candidate will do most of their interview interviews with

Aligned new sources

What is a soundbite?

short clip With full context of speech

What is a photo op?

a created favorable advertisement

What is the gatekeeper role of media

Influence subjects that are of national importance

what is the scorekeeper role of media?

To keep track of who’s winning in the polls

what is the watchdog role of the media?

to scrutinize people, places and events

what branch gets the most negative press coverage?

Legislative