gest diabetes mellitus (gdm)

gdm

a1 - diet controlled
a2 - oral meds, insulin

hyperglycemia complications in early preg

excess sugar, teratogen in 1st tri - cardiac defects, skeletal cns, renal, gi
hgba1c <6%
organogenesis 1-8w

hyperglycemia complications later in preg - maternal

preeclampsia, polyhydramnios, shoulder dystocia, inf, surg deliver

hyperglycemia complications later in preg - fetal

immature lungs
hypogly
marcrosomia, ptb, birth trauma
fetal distress - placenta premature aging

gdm screening

1 - fasting >126, hba1c >7, random >200

gdm diagnosis

2 abnorm values, 100g carb load
fasting <95
1h <140
2h <120
3 <95

gdm or type 2 care management

monitor 4x day
fasting and after meals

bg monitoring

test bf 1h after first bite of meal
only water after meal until test done

diet and exercise

3 meals
2-3 snacks, 2-3h interval, 2 carbs each
protein and fat promote euglycemia

meal plan composition

40 carb, 35 protein, 25 fat