conductors and insulators

atomic structure

The electrical nature of matter is inherent in

electric charge

By adding or removing electrons from matter it will acquire a net _____ with magnitude equal to e times the number of electrons added or removed, N

𝐂𝐨𝐮𝐥𝐨𝐦𝐛 (𝐂)

SI Unit of Electric Charge:

positive charge

The body that loses electrons has an excess of

negative charge.

while the body that gains electrons has an excess of

constant

During any process, the net electric charge of an isolated system remains

repel

Like charges

attract each other

unlike charges

ELECTRICAL CONDUCTORS.

Substances that readily conduct electric charge are called

ELECTRICAL INSULATORS

Materials that conduct electric charge poorly are called

positive charge

The negatively charged rod induces a slight _______ on the surface of the plastic.

COULOMB’S LAW

The magnitude of the electrostatic force exerted by one point charge on another point charge is directly proportional to the magnitude of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

TEST CHARGE

should have a small magnitude so it doesn’t affect the other charge

electric field

exists at a point is the electrostatic force experienced by a small test charge placed at that point divided by the charge itself:

newton per coulomb (N/C)

SI Units of Electric Field

VECTORS

Electric fields from different sources ADD AS

test charge

The electric field does not depend on the

ELECTRIC FIELD LINES or LINES OF FORCE

provide a map of the electric field in the space surrounding electric charges.

Electric field lines

always begin on a positive charge and end on a negative charge and do not stop in midspace.

proportional

The number of lines leaving a positive charge or entering a negative charge is ______ to the magnitude of the charge.

stronger Electric field.

Field lines that are closer together indicate a region with relatively

weaker Electric field.

Field lines that are farther apart indicate a region with relatively

DO NOT

Electric field lines _____ intersect.