ap psych master flashcards FOR THE SECOND QUIZ

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49 Terms

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aphasia
disability, loss of speech, language comprehension
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wernicke's area
area of brain responsible for language comprehension
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reticular formation
nerve network in brainstem that helps control arousal
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hippocampus
area deep in brain that regulates learning, memory storage, memory retrieval
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amygdala
part of limbic system structure involved in memory and emotion, fear and aggression.
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transduction
transforming of stimulus energies, such as sights, sounds, and smells, into neural impulses
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retina (rods and cones)
made up of rods and cones, rods process value, cones process color
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conduction hearing loss
hearing loss due to blockage or hole, can be improved
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sensorineural hearing loss
hearing loss due to cochlear or neural damage, can't be improved
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dopamine
neurotransmitter and hormone, helps with good mood, sleep, and arousal
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serotonin
hormone and neurotransmitter that regulates good mood, not enough \= depression
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norepinephrine
hormone and neurotransmitter, part of fight or flight, increases alertness
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agonist chemicals
a chemical or a drug that binds to receptors in the brain and increase neuroreceptors
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antagonist chemicals
chemicals that interfere with/block neurotransmitters
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nature vs nurture
name for a controversy in which it is debated whether genetics or environment is responsible for driving behavior
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cns
brain and spinal chord
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pns
nerves and ganglia
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sns
controls voluntary movement
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ans
unconscious bodily funtions like heartrate, bp, digestion, contains sympathetic and parasympathetic systems
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sympathetic system
fight or flight
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parasympathetic system
rest and digest
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pituitary gland
endocrine gland, master control
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pineal glad
endocrine gland beneath corpus callosum, melatonin
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narcolepsy
sleep disorder that causes uncontrollable sleep attacks (REM)
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sleep apnea
sleep disorder where breathing stops during sleep, waking the sleeper
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reliability
the extent at which a test yields consistent results
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validity
the extent at which a test measures the intended thing
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semantic memory
long term memory for facts, general knowledge, concepts
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serial position effect
recalling last and first items in a list
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ptsd
disorder with nightmares, flashbacks, anxiety, social withdrawal, numbness, and insomnia. 4 weeks or longer
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schizophrenia
psychological disorder with delusions, hallucinations, odd emotional expression
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delusion
false belief
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hallucination
false sensory experience
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intrinsic motivaiton
desire to perform for self, personal reasons
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extrinsic motivation
desire to perform due for reward or to avoid punishment
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social loafing
people exert less effort in groups
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self-efficacy
believing in oneself's ability to achieve. effectiveness
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self-fufilling prophecy
a belief that leads to its own fulfillment
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self-serving bias
a readiness to perceive oneself favorably
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positive reinforcement
reinforcing behavior by adding a reward or punishment
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negative reinforcement
removing something to reinforce behavior
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repression
pushing conflicting or negative thoughts into the unconscious
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albert bandura
observational learning, bobo doll experiment with parents and kids
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stanley milgram
obedience to authority, fake shock experiment, people do terribly things because authority
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ivan pavlov
classical conditioning, pavlov's dog
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jean piaget
cognitive development in children
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bf skinner
behaviorism, skinner box, operant conditioning
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john b watson
founded behavioralism, little albert experiment taught fear of white rat
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philip zimbardo
stanford prison experiment, behavior under pressure