Cranial Nerves Quiz 3/12 (College Anatomy and Physiology)

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Comprises the brain and spinal cord; responsible for processing sensory information and coordinating responses.

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Consists of all nerves outside the CNS, including sensory and motor neurons.

Somatic Nervous System

Controls voluntary movements and transmits sensory information.

Autonomic Nervous System

Regulates involuntary functions such as heart rate and digestion.

Sympathetic Nervous System

Prepares the body for stress-related activities, activating the fight or flight response.

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Promotes rest and digest responses, conserving energy when the body is at rest.

Olfactory Nerve (I)

Responsible for the sense of smell.

Optic Nerve (II)

Carries visual information from the retina to the brain.

Oculomotor Nerve (III)

Controls most eye movements, pupil size, and maintains an open eyelid.

Trigeminal Nerve (V)

Divided into three branches; responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions such as chewing.

Facial Nerve (VII)

Manages facial expressions, taste sensations from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue, and some gland functions.

Vestibulocochlear Nerve (VIII)

Responsible for hearing and balance; has two components: cochlear (hearing) and vestibular (balance).

Vagus Nerve (X)

Controls autonomic functions of the heart, lungs, and digestive tract; supplies sensory information from these organs.

Accessory Nerve (XI)

Controls muscles in the neck and shoulders.

Hypoglossal Nerve (XII)

Manages tongue movements crucial for speech and swallowing.