IGCSE Business studies Formulas + Equations

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Last updated 1:07 AM on 2/7/26
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19 Terms

1
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Average variable costs

total costs/ output

2
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total variable costs

variable cost per unit x output

3
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total costs

fixed costs + total variable costs

4
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average (or unit) cost

total costs/output

5
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total revenue

price per item x quantity sold

6
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contribution

selling price per unit - variable cost per unit

7
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break even point

fixed costs/contribution

8
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margin of safety

output - break even point

9
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profit

total revenue - total costs

10
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gross profit

revenue - cost of sales

11
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net profit

gross profit - expenses

12
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working capital

current assets - current liabilities

13
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net assets (or capital employed)

total assets - total liabilites

14
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gross profit margin

gross profit/revenue x 100

15
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net profit margin

net profit/revenue x 100

16
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return on capital employed

net profit/capital employed x100

17
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current ratio

current assets: current liabilties

18
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acid test ratio

current assets - stock : liabilities

19
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profit or loss

revenue - total cost