Skin and mucous membrane infections

What is known as oozing, vesicular lesions

impetigo

a diffuse rash due to a lysogenic phage-bearing S. pyogenes

scarlet fever

What are the two bacteria that have slime layer?

staph aureus and staph epidermidis

what group? gram positive cocci in clusters/clumps

staph

staph bacteria are:

gram _____

catalase _____

non-_____

on blood agar: _____

anaerobe or aerobe?

gram positive

catalase positive

non-motile

beta-hemolytic (breaks down completely to colorless pigment)

facultative anaerobe

What bacteria?

capsule, peptidoglycan, protein A (inhibits opsonization and phagocytosis), techoic and lipotehoic acid

staph aureus

What bacteria?

key virulence factors: capsule, protein A, penicillinase, coagulase, catalase

staph aureus

Which staph is coagulase positive?

staph aureus

What disease and bacteria?

redness and inflammation that spreads and blisters form; nikolsky sign +, occurs primarily in very young children

scalded skin syndrome

staph aureus

Toxic shock syndrome (superantigen) is associated with what bacteria?

staph aureus

strep pyogenes (group A)

Which staph?

forms non-hemolytic colonies on blood agar

catalase-positive

coagulase negative

novobiocin sensitive

staph epidermidis

Which staph?

catalase positive

forms non-hemolytic colonies on blood agar

coagulase negative

novobiocin resistant

staph saprophyticus

Which bacteria is mostly associated with causing urinary tract infections especially in young sexually active women?

staph saprophyticus

Strep bacteria:

gram ______ ______

catalse ______

anaerobe or aerobe?

gram positive cocci (usually in chains)

catalase negative

facultative anaerobes

staph vs strep:

which one is catalase positive and which one is negative?

staph: catalase positive

strep: catalase neg

Which bacteria?

capsule, M protein, F protein, lipoteichoic acid, T protein, pyrogenic exotoxins

streptococci

What bacterial family?

pharyngitis, toxic shock syndrome, erysipelas, cellulitis, pyoderma, impetigo, necrotizing fasciitis, acute glomerulonephritis, scarlet fever

strep

What bacteria?

most serious cause of bacterial pharyngitis: throat/tonsillar membrane inflammed, fever and enlarged cervical lymph nodes, and painful/difficult swallowing

strep pyogenes (group A)

untreated strep group A pharyngitis can cause: 3 things

rheumatic fever, scarlet fever, glomerulonephritis

Group A strep pharyngitis is diagnosed how? 4 things

• clinical presentation

• antigen detection (latex agglutination)

• pinpoint beta-hemolysis on blood agar

• test for bacitracin sensitivity

Which strep is “A” disc/ bacitracin sensitive? (doesn’t grow around it)

strep pyogenes (group A strep)

What bacteria?

early onset neonatal disease

late-onset neonatal bacteremia with meningitis

infections in adults (uncommon); naturally colonizes urogenital tract

post-partum sepsis

strep agalactiae

gram positive diplococci

S. pneumoniae

motile gram neg bacillus

pseudomonas aeruginosa

forms colorless colonies on MacConkey agar

oxidase positive

has LPS/endotoxin

pseudomonas aeruginosa

what bacteria?

ecthyma gangrenosum

P. aeruginosa

small gram positive rod

anaerobe (can be aerotolerant)

propionibacterium acnes (causes acne)

long gram positive rods

anaerobes

develop delicate filamentous forms

lumpy jaw and intrauterine abcesses

Actinomyeces israelii

what bacteria?

you see sulfur granules

Actinomyeces israelii

What disease and bacteria?

acid fast bacillus

found only in certain tropical areas of africa and asia

associated with aquatic environments

usually appears as a large ulcerative and erythematous lesion

buruli ulcer

mycobacterium ulcerans

small naked icosahedral single-stranded linear DNA virus

causes a rash knwon as erythema infectiosum

targets RBCs

parvovirus B19/ Fifth disease (slapped cheek rash)

What bacteria is associated with oozing vesicular lesions (impetigo)

staph aureus or strep pyogenes