Classifying Chemical Reactions

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to the classification of chemical reactions, including types of reactions, properties of acids and bases, and the principles of redox chemistry.

Diatomic Chlorine

A gaseous molecule consisting of two chlorine atoms (Cl2) produced by the electrolysis of brine.

Sodium Hydroxide (Lye)

An ionic compound (NaOH) that is a strong base used in various industrial processes.

Precipitation Reaction

A chemical reaction in which dissolved substances react to form one or more solid products, often referred to as double displacement reactions.

Solubility

The maximum concentration of a substance that can dissolve in a specified amount of solvent under set conditions.

Soluble Compounds

Ionic compounds that dissolve relatively well in water.

Insoluble Compounds

Ionic compounds that do not dissolve well in water and readily precipitate out of solution.

Acid-Base Reaction

A chemical reaction that involves the transfer of hydrogen ions (H+) from an acid to a base.

Strong Acid

An acid that fully dissociates in water to produce hydronium ions (H3O+).

Weak Acid

An acid that partially dissociates in water, resulting in a lower concentration of hydronium ions.

Neutralization Reaction

A specific type of acid-base reaction where an acid and a base react to form water and a salt.

Oxidation-Reduction Reaction (Redox)

A reaction in which one or more elements change oxidation states, involving electron transfer.

Oxidizing Agent

The substance that accepts electrons and is reduced in a redox reaction.

Reducing Agent

The substance that donates electrons and is oxidized in a redox reaction.

Half-Reaction Method

A systematic approach for balancing redox reactions by separating the oxidation and reduction processes.

Combustion Reaction

A type of redox reaction in which a fuel reacts with oxygen, typically producing heat and light.

Single-Displacement Reaction

A redox reaction in which an ion in solution is replaced by a metallic element.

Oxidation Number

A theoretical charge that an atom would have if all shared electrons were assigned to the more electronegative atom.