Homologous Chromosomes + Meiosis

Definition of Homologous Chromosomes

Pair of chromosomes (maternal or paternal) that are similiar in shape and size

What do the Homologous pairs do?

Homologous pairs carry genes controlling the same inherited traits

How many Homologous chromosomes do humans have?

23 pairs of homologous chromosomes

22 pairs of autosomes (any other chromosomes not sex)

1 pair of sex chromosomes (xx (female) xy (male))

What are haploids?

-are sperm/egg cells

-found in sex cells

-one set of chromosomes

-denoted as ‘n’

-having one chromosome from each homologous pair

What are Diploid cells?

-are cells containing 2 copies from each other

-found in somatic cells (any biological cell)

-two sets of chromosomes

-denoted ‘2n’

having 2 of each type of chromosomes

Mitosis def

growth and repair (need diploid daughters)

Meosis def

production of sex cells that fuse together at fertilisation (need haploid daughters)

Why does mitosis need haploid daughters?

to have genetic information and replace cells and identical copies

Why does meiosis need haploid daughters?

for fertilisation diploid numbers occur in baby’s cells after 2 genetics fuse.

what is meosis?

meiosis is for sexual reproduction, it is cell division by which sex cells, with half the number of chromosomes are produced

What is the purpose of meosis

to make four daughter cells that have less genetic materials and are genetically unique

Location of meosis?

occurs only in testes or ovaries

When does meosis start?

starts from sexual maturation