Integumentary System

Chapter 3 Med Term

epidermis

outermost layer of skin, made of large squamous cells that look like fish scales.

dermis

layer under the epidermis, much thicker, home to hair follicles, nerves and glands. It also contains nails which are made of keratin.

hair follicles

roots of your hair that anchor the hair and provide nourishment to the skin and hair

nerves

in the dermis, detect fine pressure, deep pressure, temperature, and pain. This network of nerves makes the skin the largest sensory organ in the body

sweat glands (hidro)

release sweat to rid the body of waste and to cool the body

sebaceous glands (sebaceo)

secrete oil as a natural moisturizer for the skin and hair

fat

adip/o , lip/o , steat/o

skin

cutane/o , derm/o , dermat/o

hair

pil/o , trich/o

sweat

hidr/o

scale

squam/o

nail

onych/o , ungu/o

oil

seb/o , sebace/o

hidden

crypt/o

hard, horny

karat/o

dry

xer/o

yellow

xanth/o

red

erythr/o

white

leuk/o , alb/o

black

melan/o

abrasion

scraping away of skin

uh-BRAY-zhun

away: ab

scrape: rasion

albinism

lack of pigment in skin causing patient to look white

AL-bih-nizm

white: albin

condition: ism

albino

a person afflicted with albinism

al-BAI-noh

alopecia

baldness

AL-oh-PEE-shah

anhidrosis

lack of sweating

AN-hai-DROH-sis

no: an

sweat: hidr

condition: osis

comedo

a hair follicle that is plugged with sebum (black head, white head)

KOM-eh-doh

cyanhidrosis

blue sweat

sai-an-hai-DROH-sis

blue: cyan

sweat: hydr

condition: osis

depigmentation

loss of pigmentation

DE-pig-men-TAY-shun

away: de

pigment: pigment

condition: ation

dermatalgia

skin pain

DER-mah-TAL-jah

skin: dermat

pain: algia

dermatodynia

skin pain

der-MAH-toh-DIH-nee-ah

skin: dermato

pain: dynia

dermatolysis

loose skin

DER-mah-TAWL-ih-sis

skin: dermato

loose: dynia

erythema

redness

ER-ih-THEE-mah

erythroderma

red skin

eh-RITH-roh-DER-mah

red: erythro

skin: derma

hemathidrosis

sweating blood

hee-mat-hai-DROH-sis

blood: hemat

sweat: hidr

condition: osis

hidropoiesis

the formation of sweat

HAI-droh-poi-EE-sis

sweat: hidro

formation: poiesis

hyperhidrosis

excessive sweating

HAI-per-hai-DROH-sis

over: hyper

sweat: hidr

condition: osis

hyperkerotosis

excessive growth of horny skin

HAI-per-KER-ah-TOH-sis

over: hyper

horny: kerat

condition: osis

hypermelanosis

excessive melanin in the skin

HAI-per-mel-ah-NOH-sis

over: hyper

black: melan

condition: osis

hyperpigmentation

excessive pigment in the skin

HAI-per-PIG-men-TAY-shun

over: hyper

pigment: pigment

condition: ation

hypohidrosis

diminished sweating

HAI-poh-hai-DROH-sis

under: hypo

sweat: hidr

condition: osis

hypomelanosis

diminished melanin in the skin

HAI-poh-mel-ah-NOH-sis

under: hypo

black: melan

condition: osis

hypopigmentation

diminished pigment in the skin

HAI-poh-PIG-men-TAY-shun

under: hypo

pigment: pigment

condition: ation

leukoderma

white skin

LOO-koh-DER-mah

white: leuko

skin: derma

macerate

to soften the skin

MAS-ih-rayt

onychophagia

eating or biting of the nails

awn-ih-koh-FAY-jah

nail: onycho

eat: phagia

pruritus

an itch

proo-RAI-tus

rhytidermia

wrinkled skin

Rio-tih-DER-mee-ah

wrinkle: rhyti

skin: dermia

sebopoiesis

formation of oil (sebum)

see-boh-poi-EE-sis

oil: sebo

formation: poiesis

seborrhea

discharge of oil (sebum)

seb-or-EE-ah

oil: sebo

discharge: rrhea

trichomegaly

abnormally thick hair

TRIK-oh-MEG-ah-lee

hair: tricho

enlargement: megaly

urticaria

swollen raised itchy areas of skin

URT-ih-KAR-ee-ah

xanthoderma

yellow skin

ZAN-thoh-DER-mah

yellow: xantho

skin: derma

xeroderma

dry skin

ZER-oh-DER-mah

dry: xero

skin: derma

xerosis

condition of dryness

ze-ROH-sis

dry: xer

condition: osis

localized

limited to a specific area

generalized

begin in one area and spread to another. multiple places on body

centrifugal

rashes that start from the middle and work their way outward

centripetal

rashes that spread from outside inward

papules

small bumps under 1 cm, small solid mass

PAP-yool

nodule

a solid mass that extends deeper into the skin

NOJ-yool

plaque

a solid mass on the surface of the skin

PLAK

macule

small, flat, discolored area

MAK-yool , MAK-yoo-lah

patch (vitiligo)

larger, flat discolored area

vit-il-Al-goh

tumor

a larger solid mass

TOO-mur

vesicle

a smaller blister

VES-i-kul

bladder: ves

little: icle

bulla

latin form for bubble

BUL-ah

pustule

a pus-filled blister

PUS-tyool

abscess

a localized collection of pus in the body

AB-ses

away: ab

go: sees

erosion

loss of skin

ee-ROH-zhun

away: e

gnaw/eat: rosion

ulcer

a sore

UL-sir

excoriation

a scratch

eks-koh-ree-A-shun

out: ex

skin: cori

condition: ation

fissure

a crack in the skin

FISH-ur

scale

skin flaking off

SKAYL

crust

a dried substance on skin (blood/pus)

KRUST

vascular lesion

wounds related to blood vessels

VAS-kyoo-lar LEE-zhun

cherry angioma

a small blood vessel tumor

CHEH-ree AN-jee-OH-mah

blood vessel: angi

tumor: oma

telangiectasia (spider angioma)

the over expression of the end of a blood vessel; sometimes called a spider angioma because of how it looks on the skin

TEL-AN-jee-ek-TAY-zhuh

end: tel

blood vessel: angi

expansion: estasia

petechia

a small bruise

puh-TEE-kee-yah

ecchymosis

a larger bruise

ek-ih-MOH-sis

cicatrix (plural: cicatrices)

scar

SIK-ah-triks

keloid

overgrowth of scar tissue

KEE-loid

tumor: kel

resembling: oid

epidermal tumors

tumors on the skin

EP-ih-DER-mal TOO-murs

upon: epi

skin: derm

pertaining to tumor: al tumor

nevus

mole

NEE-vus

dysplastic nevus

a mole with bad changes/formations (often precancerous)

dis-PLAS-tic NEE-vus

bad: dys

formation mole: plastic nevus

verruca

wart

ver-ROO-kah

culture and sensitivity (C&S)

growing microorganisms in isolation in order to determine which drugs they might respond to

biopsy (Bx)

removal of tissue in order to examine it (with your own two eyes)

excisional biopsy

removal of an entire lesion for examination (to cut it out)

incisional biopsy

removal of a portion of a lesion for examination (to cut into it)

dermatoscope

instrument used to look at the skin

dermatoscopy

procedure for looking at the skin

adipocele

hernia filled with fatty tissue

AD-ih-poh-SEEL

dermatofibroma

a fibrous skin tumor

DER-mah-toh-fai-BROH-mah

erythrocyanosis

a red and/or blue discoloration of the skin

eh-rith-roh-SAI-ah-NOH-sis

keratogenic

causing horny tissue development

ker-at-oh-JEN-ik

keratosis

horny tissue condition

KER-ah-TOH-sis

necrosis

tissue death

neh-KROH-sis

onychia

a nail condition

oh-NIK-ee-ah

onychocryptosis

an ingrown nail

AWN-ih-koh-krip-TOH-sis

onycholysis

the loss of a nail

AWN-ih-KAWL-ih-sis