Honors World History Fall 25 Exam Study Guide

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts that will help with the exam topics discussed in the Honors World History lecture.

Cuneiform

Wedge-shaped marks pressed into clay, resembling triangles and lines.

Contains recognizable symbols and pictures such as birds, people, and plants

Egyptian heiroglyphs

Mainly consists of uncommon unrecognizable symbols

Indus Valley Script

Very thick, condensed writing with few curves, mainly sea tight lines

Sanskrit

Thick strokes containing many dots and dashes

Hebrew

Many long, curved lines and dots above and below the words

Arabic

Contains almost English looking letters, but not fully there

Phoenician

Contains many English letters, along with recognizable symbols such as the omega and triangle

Greek

Looks mostly identical to English, with few extra letters/symbols and shapes

Latin

Hunter-Gatherer Societies

Egalitarian societies with minimal division of labor due to their focus on survival.

Neolithic Innovations

Inventions such as pottery, the wheel, walls, archery, and irrigation resulting from agricultural developments.

Tel

A mound where cities have been built, destroyed, and rebuilt by successive civilizations.

Civilizations of Mesopotamia

Major groups including Babylon, Assyria, and the Sumerians.

Epic of Gilgamesh

A famous poem that was key literary work associated with the Sumerian civilization.

Hammurabi

Babylonian King known for creating the first written code of laws.

Babylonian Landmarks

Famous sites such as the Hanging Gardens and the Gates of Ishtar.

Nile River

The lifeblood of Ancient Egypt, crucial for agriculture and civilization.

Key Landmarks of Egypt

Iconic structures including the Pyramids, Sphinx, and the Great Library of Alexandria.

Silk Road

A trade route connecting China to the Eastern Mediterranean, famous for silk trade.

Spartan Culture

A society known for militaristic and nationalistic values, and strict discipline.

First Roman Emperor

Caesar Augustus, also known as Octavian.

Roman Innovations

Technological advancements including the Colosseum and aqueducts.

Barbarian Groups

Invading tribes such as the Huns, Goths, and Vandals that contributed to the fall of Rome.

Clovis I

An important Frankish king known for adopting Catholicism.

Judaism Symbols

Includes the Star of David, Moses, Torah, and Kosher.

Christian Beliefs

Belief that Jesus is the Messiah sent by God.

Trinitarianism

The Christian doctrine defining the Trinity, confirmed at the Council of Nicaea.

Buddhism Leadership

The Dalai Lama is the spiritual head of Tibetan Buddhism.

Mandate of Heaven

The divine approval to rule, pertinent to Chinese civilization.

Dynasty vs. Empire

A dynasty is a ruling family, while an empire encompasses diverse peoples under one authority.

Alexander the Great

A significant figure in ancient history known for his conquests.

Why does Judaism trace Abraham's blessing through Isaac?

God's covenant and blessing were specifically established through Abraham's son, Isaac, and his descendants, as detailed in the ()

Why does Islam trace Abraham's blessing through Ishmael?

Abraham's blessing is primarily traced through his firstborn son, Ishmael, from whom Prophet Muhammad is descended, signifying a direct lineage of prophecy.

Why does Christianity trace Abraham's blessing through Jesus?

Abraham's blessing is spiritually fulfilled through Jesus Christ, who is the promised 'seed' of Abraham through whom all nations of the earth would be blessed, transcending physical lineage.

In the middle far left of Italy

Rome

In a small land connection under the black sea

Constantinople

Located north east of egypt

Jerusalem

North France, circles around the Black Sea, then goes south and almost bounces over Saudi Arabia, then goes west and dips to the bottom of Egypt, and then crosses across north Africa

Roman empire

Far east, south of Russia

China

A crescent-shape over Saudi Arabia

Fertile Crescent

Located Just west of China

India

Runs almost directly down(with a could curves) the east side of Africa

Nile river

On the western coast(almost) of Saudi Arabia, perfectly even with the southern border of Egypt

Mecca