AP Human Geography Unit 3 Flashcards By Yours Truly

Culture

The shared beliefs, practices, traits and behaviors of a society is a _______

Cultural traits

Visible and invisible traits of a culture group

Artifacts

Physical objects that were created by a culture

Sociofacts

The structure and organization of a culture that influence a culture

Mentifacts

The beliefs, ideas, values, and knowledge of a culture (Not physical)

Traditional culture

Small groups of people that usually come from a certain area in a world and dont have much change to their culture

Global/popular culture

Large cultures that are full of change and “trends“. Connected with online social media and changing much overtime

Cultural Norms

Normal agreed upon practices in a culture that guide the behavior of a culture

Cultural taboos

Things in a culture that are usually frowned upon and disapproving

Ethnocentrism

comparing and judging another culture upon your own beliefs. Usually means that one side believes that their side is more correct than another side

Nativism

the policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants.

Cultural Relativism

An unbiased way of looking at another culture and their beliefs

Cultural landscape

areas of land that have been reshaped by humans to project their viewing of their cultural beliefs

Sequent Occupance

The idea that cultures usually change the area around them to imprint their cultural beliefs

Ethnic neighborhoods/enclaves

Areas in the world where 1 culture and group are collected together in 1 spot/town/area

Ethnic patterns

Predictable movement/distribution of people in different cultures

Gendered spaces

Places in cultural landscapes that have been changed to accomodate for both/all genders

land use patterns

cultural landscapes patterns

cultural realm

an area of the world that share the same or similar cultural belief

Centripetal forces

Forces that unify and connect and PASTE a country/culture/realm

Centrifugal forces

Characteristics that divide/FRACTURE a country/cultural/realm

Cultural Hearth

The area where a culture originated from and where its diffused from

Diffusion

The movement and spread of a culture and their traits, knowledge, ideas, and trends

Contagious diffusion

A culture being spread through close contact with other people

Hierarchical diffusion

Diffusion through wealthy higher classed people down to classes beneath them

Reverse hierarchical diffusion

The spread of culture from lower less wealthy classes UP to higher more wealthy classes

Stimulus diffusion

As cultures are diffused they are modified/changed to fit that certain areas needs

Acculturation

Long contact between 2 cultures will result in ___________ where one of the cultures adopt some traits from the other culture

Assimilation

When one culture abandons their own culture and entirely joins another one

Multiculturalism

The acceptance and tolerance of multiple cultures living close together

Syncretism

When 2 cultures or cultural traits fuse together and create a new SYNCED culture or cultural traits that represents both cultures

Imperialism

The power to dominate over another country through force or diplomacy

Colonialism

When a country creates settlements in another country to get political and/or economic gain

Neocolonialism

where dominance over another country can be obtained through cultural/political/economic INFLUENCE

Pidgin language

extremely simplified language that can be understood anywhere

Creole language

2 languages fused together to create a language that both cultures can understand and use

Lingua Franca

The most extremely common set language that most people can understand. Used for mostly business

Dialects

Different tones or ways of speaking a certain language

Friction of distance

The farther away a culture is diffused from a heath, the more it is changed or altered or even far enough where it is unable to diffuse anymore

Globalization

the trend of increased cultural and economic connectedness around the WORLD

time space compression

the shrinking of the world due to advancements and technology and easier access to connectedness

Cultural Divergence

People leaving cultures or partially leaving cultures for different reasons

Cultural convergence

The process of two or more cultures coming into contact with each other and adopting each other’s traits to become more alike

Language Family

Largest group of related languages which are connected through a common, ancient ancestry and trace back to a common hearth.

language branch

Collection of languages that share a common origin from thousands of years ago. They were separated from other languages in their family and now are distinctive although related. 

language group

Collection of languages that share a more recent past with similar vocabularies and some overlap.