HUSH1 Quiz Washington and Adams Administration

Two-Party System

Began from Jefferson vs. Hamilton disagreements; first parties were Federalists and Democratic-Republicans.

Federalists

Led by Hamilton; strong central gov’t

Democratic-Republicans

Led by Jefferson; strong states

George Washington

1st president; set precedents like the cabinet and neutrality.

Washington’s Cabinet

Advisors to the president — Jefferson (State), Hamilton (Treasury), Knox (War), Randolph (Attorney General).

Thomas Jefferson

Democratic-Republican leader; Secretary of State; supported agriculture and strict interpretation.

Alexander Hamilton

Federalist leader; Secretary of Treasury; created financial plan including B.U.S.

John Marshall

Federalist; Chief Justice who strengthened the Supreme Court.

Edmund Randolph

First Attorney General under Washington.

Henry Knox

Washington’s Secretary of War.

Aaron Burr

Democratic-Republican politician; rival of Hamilton; tied Jefferson in 1800 election.

B.U.S. (Bank of the United States)

Hamilton’s national bank that managed government funds and stabilized the economy.

Protective Tariff

Tax on imported goods to encourage buying American products.

Excise Tax

Tax on goods made within the country; included the whiskey tax.

Alien and Sedition Acts

Adams laws that allowed deportation of foreigners and punished critics of the government; targeted Democratic-Republicans.

Judiciary Act of 1789

Created the federal court system including the Supreme Court and lower courts.

Whiskey Rebellion

1794 protest against the excise tax on whiskey; Washington stopped it

XYZ Affair

French officials demanded a bribe from U.S. diplomats; angered Americans and led to tension with France.

French Revolution & Neutrality

France expected U.S. help; Washington chose neutrality to avoid entangling alliances.

Washington’s Farewell Address

Warned against political parties, foreign alliances, and sectional divisions.

Warned against political parties

foreign alliances

Jay’s Treaty

Agreement with Britain to settle disputes and avoid war; unpopular with Democratic-Republicans.

Pinckney’s Treaty

Treaty with Spain giving Americans use of the Mississippi River and access to New Orleans.