US constitution test study guide

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Declaration of Independence

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1

Declaration of Independence

Declared independence from Great Britain

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2

Declaration of Independence gets its power from:

the people

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3

Purpose of the Declaration of Independence:

colonists wanted to be free of England for many reasons

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4

Declaration of Independence signed and approved:

July 4th 1776

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5

Declaration of Independence was written by:

Thomas Jefferson

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6

Popular Sovereignty:

a government can only get its power from the people

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7

Constitution was completed and signed:

Sept. 17th 1787

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8

Father of Constitution:

James Madison

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9

Great Compromise:

Settled how to choose members of congress, small and large states got what they wanted. One house based on population and one based on equal representation.

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10

Preamble of the Constitution:

stated belief govt gets its powers from the people

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11

Article I,II, and III of the constitution:

established principle of separation of powers, outlines legislative, executive and judicial branches

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12

Bill of Rights:

1st 10 amendments

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13

Federalism:

divides power between national and state governments

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14

Separation of Powers:

divided government into 3 separate but equal branches

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15

Reserved Powers:

Powers given to states, federal govt cannot have these powers

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16

Concurrent Powers:

powers given to both state and federal govt

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Exclusive powers:

powers only given to national govt, print money

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18

Delegated Powers:

powers given to congress in Article I of the constitution

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19

How often MUST Congress meet?

At least once a year

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20

Ex Post Facto Laws

to make an act illegal after the act was done and prosecute someone for it

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21

Writ of Habeas Corpus

protects against unjust indefinite imprisonment

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22

Number of Senators, How is number set?

100, 2 from each state

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23

Senate Requirements and term:

30 years old, citizen for 9 years, 6 year term

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Number of Reps in House of Reps, How is number set?

435, number per state based on state population

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25

House of Reps Requirements and term

25 years old, citizen for 7 years, 2 year term

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26

Who presides over the Senate?

vice president or president pro tempore

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27

Who presides over the House?

speaker of the house

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28

Electoral College elects:

the president

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29

How voting with the Electoral College works:

the winner of the state's popular vote receives all of the states electoral votes

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30

Something the president CANNOT do (presidential myth):

declare war

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31

Cabinet:

heads of executive departments, advise the president, appointed by the president and approved by the senate

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Requirements for President:

35 years only, live in the US for 14 years, Natural Born Citizen

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33

Presidential Powers:

commander in chief, recognize other nations

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34

Duties of V.P.

main duty is to take the place of the president if necessary

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35

Who chooses judges?

appointed by president and approved by the senate

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36

Judge term:

serve for life as long as they are in “good behavior”

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Judicial Review:

courts power to review legislative and executive actions, established by Marbury v Madison

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38

Brown v. Board of Ed Topeka KS:

overruled laws stating segregation was legal

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39

Three types of Courts:

district courts, court of appeals, supreme court

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40

Treason

Making war against US or aiding enemy, must confess in open court or have two eyewitnesses testify against them to be convicted

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41

1st Amendment Protections:

freedom of express self, disagree and criticize the govt, and to observe any religion one wishes

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4th Amendment Protections

protects people from unreasonable searches and seizures by the govt

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43

5th Amendment Protections

cannot be forced to testify against yourself, cannot be charged for the same crime twice

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6th Amendment Protections

right to speedy and public trial by impartial jury

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45

10th Amendment Protections

Powers not given to congress and not forbidden to the states are powers reserved to the states (reserved powers)

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13th Amendment Protections

Prohibited slavery and involuntary servitude

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47

14th Amendment Protections

all people born in the US are citizens

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48

16th Amendment Protections

congress has the power to levy and collect taxes (income taxes)

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49

18th Amendment

prohibited the making, sale or consumption of alcohol, prohibition

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21st Amendment Protections

repealed the 18th amendment, allowing the making, sale, and consumption of alcohol legal

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51

22nd Amendment Protections

Presidents are limited to 2 terms

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