AICE English lang word classes

Noun

a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea.

• Names a specific person/place/thing (always capitalized) — Maria, London, Nike

• General name — girl, city, shoe

• Something you can touch or see — apple, car, dog

• An idea or feeling — love, freedom, happiness

• Refers to a group — team, flock, family

Examples in sentences:

• The dog barked loudly.

• We visited the museum in Paris.

• Her courage inspired everyone.

Pronoun

takes the place of a noun to avoid repetition.

• Personal: I, you, he, she, it, we, they

• Possessive: mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs

• Reflexive: myself, yourself, herself, ourselves

• Demonstrative: this, that, these, those

• Relative: who, whom, which, that

• Indefinite: someone, everyone, anything, few, many

Examples in sentences:

• She is reading a book.

• These are my favorite shoes.

• Someone left their backpack here.

Verbs

expresses action, state of being, or occurrence.

Show what the subject does — run, jump, write.

Connect the subject to more information — is, am, are, was, were, seem.

Help the main —— show tense or mood — have, has, do, will, can, may

Examples in sentences:

• The cat slept on the couch.

• She is a teacher.

• They have been studying all night.

Adjectives 

describes or modifies a noun or pronoun by giving more information about it.

Tells about: What kind? Which one? How many? How much?

Examples:

• The blue sky was clear.

• She adopted three kittens.

• That was a delicious meal.

Adverbs

modifies a verb, adjective, or another ———. It tells how, when, where, or to what extent.

Examples:

• He ran quickly. (modifies verb “ran”)

• She is very talented. (modifies adjective “talented”)

• He spoke too softly. (modifies another adverb “softly”)

Common ———- endings: Many end in -ly, but not all (e.g., fast, well, tomorrow).

Conjunction

joins words, phrases, or clauses.

• Coordinating: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so (FANBOYS)

• Subordinating: because, although, since, unless, while

• Correlative: either...or, neither...nor, both...and

Examples:

• I wanted to go, but it was raining.

• You can have either coffee or tea.

• She stayed home because she was sick.

Interjection

Is a word or phrase that expresses strong emotion or sudden feeling. It often stands alone and is followed by an exclamation mark.

Examples:

• Wow! That’s amazing.

• Oops! I dropped my pen.

• Hey! Watch out!

• Oh no! I forgot my keys.

Prepositions

shows the relationship between a noun or pronoun and another word in a sentence — usually about location, time, or direction.

in, on, at, by, for, to, from, with, about, under, over, between, through, before, after

Examples in sentences:

• The book is on the table. (location)

• She arrived before noon. (time)

• He walked through the park. (direction)

• They traveled with their friends. (association)