Transcription & Gene Regulation
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10 Terms
What is transcription?
RNA polymerase synthesizes an mRNA of the instruction stored as DNA using NTPs
one DNA strand is the template strand and the other is non template strand (coding)
RNA bases match to template strand and synthesized in 5’ → 3’ direction (U instead of T)
What is the region where DNA signals the protein enzyme that builds the RNA Strand and RNA polymerase to start transcription
The promoter
What binds first to the promoter?
Sigma (protein)
____ is a transcription factor shaped to recognize specific sequence of DNA
Sigma
What is the region of DNA that signals RNA polymerase to stop transcription.
The terminator
What is alternative splicing?
RNA can be spliced → spliceosome proteins remove introns and splice together exons
results in diff proteins that code for single gene (only in eukaryotes)
What are introns?
noncoding regions within a gene
What are exons?
Protein coding regions
In eukaryotic RNA, what is added to mRNAs?
5’ cap and poly(A) tail to prevent mRNA degradation in the cytoplasm
What prevents mRNA degradation in the cytoplasm?
Poly(A) tail
Note 
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