Lecture_6_-_Molecular_Biology_of_Microorganisms_Spring_2023

The flow of genetic information follows the __________ of biology: DNA RNA Protein.

Central dogma

In prokaryotes, __________ transcripts are common, while in eukaryotes, they are extremely rare.

Polycistronic

Adenine pairs with __________ in DNA, forming two hydrogen bonds.

Thymine or Uracil

The DNA strands have a __________ end and a 3' end.

5' end

In a DNA double helix, DNA strands are __________ and complementary.

anti-parallel

During __________, sequences may form stem-loop structures that are critical for regulation of gene expression.

Gene expression

The DNA replication process requires __________ to unwind the double helix.

Helicase

In bacterial DNA synthesis, the __________ strand is synthesized continuously, while the other is synthesized discontinuously.

Leading

Termination of DNA synthesis requires binding of a __________ factor to specific DNA sequences.

cis-acting

Proteins that recognize inverted repeats can create __________ cuts in DNA.

staggered

The polypeptide chain is transferred to a water molecule during __________ of translation.

Termination

_____ is the enzyme responsible for attaching amino acids to tRNA during charging.

tRNA synthetase

Bacterial chromosomes are characterized as __________, meaning they loop back onto themselves.

circular

RNA polymerase synthesizes RNA in a __________ direction, complementary to the DNA template strand.

5' to 3'