Bio Allied Health Ch.3

What are cells?

The basic unit of life; Carrys’s life processes and specialize for different tasks.

What is the plasma membrane?

It is a selectable permeable that regulates entry/exit of the cells.

What are some proteins in the Plasma Membrane?

Glycoprotein (attached to the walls).

What is cytosol?

A gel-like fluid where cell reactions occur.

What is the cytoskeleton?

Proteins and filament for support and movement in the cell body.

What are ribosomes?

Help with protein synthesis in the cell body.

What is the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Ribosomes on it for protein, and processes proteins.

What is the smooth ER?

It is lipid synthesis and detoxification.

What is the Golgi Apparatus?

It helps package and modify inside the cell body.

What are the Mitochondria?

It is the ATP the powerhouse of the cell body.

What are lysosomes?

They help digest and deal with waste and damaged organelles in the cell body.

What are peroxisomes?

They help with detoxifying substance’s and breaking down fatty acids.

What is centrosome?

They help organize microtubules.

What are cilia & and flagella?

cell movement (cilia=short and many, flagella long and many)

What is the sodium-potassium pump and example of it?

An example of Active transport of ATP.

What are two types of bulk transport?

Endocytosis, and Exocytosis.

What is the function of the genetic material and the nucleus?

Controls cell activities and contains DNA.

What is the nuclear envelope?

It is a double membrane with pores that surrounds the nucleus.

What does the Nucleolus do?

Make proteins

What is Chromatin?

DNA + Proteins, (forms chromosomes during division)

What Is simple Diffusion in Transport Mechanism?

Movement from high to low concetration.

What is facilitated diffusion in transport mechanism?

Uses transport proteins (e.g. glucose ions)

What is Osmosis in transport mechanism?

It is diffusion of water across the membrane.

What is filtration in transport mechanism?

Pressure forces substances through a membrane.

What is Isotonic?

No net water movement stays the same.

What is hypertonic?

Water leaving the cell causing it to shrink.

What is hypotonic?

When water enters into cell causing it to swell.