Studied by 20 people
chromosomes
coiled up DNA
body cells
ex: skin cells, blood cells, muscle cells
sex cells
ex: eggs, sperm
gametes
fancy term that means sex cells: eggs or sperm
haploid
cells thqt have HAlf of the chromosomes of an organism
diploid
cells that have the full number of chromosomes
daughter cell
name for a cell that results from cell division
mitosis
division of the nucleus of a cell
meiosis
cell division resulting in 4 haploid cells
crossing over
during meiosis chromosomes trade information before division
prokaryotic
cells with unorganized DNA and no nucleus. Ex: bacteria
eukaryotic
cells with DNA organized in chromosomes, nucleus. Ex: plant and animal cells
stem cells
cells that still have the ability to turn into any type of cell
tissue
group of same type of cells that work together
organ
group of tissues that work together
organ system
group of organs that work together
cell membrane
soft outer barrier of cell, lets things in and out and protects cell.
cell wall
rigid structure found outside of the cell membrane in plant cells. Provides structure and protection
mitochondria
cell part that provides energy for the cell. Found in plant and animal cells
vacuole
cell part that holds water. This is much larger in plant cells than in animal cells.
chloroplast
solar panel for plant cells - captures sunlight for energy
karyotype
picture of someone’s chromosomes all laid out for study
XX
sex chromosomes for female
XY
sex chromosomes for male
interphase
part of mitosis where cell grows, does its job, and makes a copy of DNA to prepare for dividing
46
number of chromosomes before and after mitosis
replication
fancy name for DNA copying itself before cell division
cytokinesis
division of the cytoplasm of the cell, happens after mitiosis
