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MCAT Biochemistry

Biochemistry 20 Common Amino Acids

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Leucine*

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Generally just know that amine group pKa = 9 and carboxyl group pKa = 2

Biology

Biochemistry

MCAT

Biochemistry

University/Undergrad

20 Terms

1

Leucine*

Nonpolar
Leu, L
α-COOH pKa: 2.4
α-NH3+ pKa: 9.6
* Creates a bend in R-chain

<ul><li><p>Nonpolar</p></li><li><p>Leu, L</p></li><li><p>α-COOH pKa: 2.4</p></li><li><p>α-NH3+ pKa: 9.6</p></li><li><p>* Creates a bend in R-chain</p><p></p></li></ul><p></p>

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2

Alanine

Nonpolar
Ala, A
α-COOH pKa: 9.7
α-NH3+ pKa: 2.4

<ul><li><p>Nonpolar</p></li><li><p>Ala, A</p></li><li><p>α-COOH pKa: 9.7</p></li><li><p>α-NH3+ pKa: 2.4</p></li></ul><p></p>

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3

Valine

Nonpolar
Val, V
α-COOH pKa: 2.3
α-NH3+ pKa: 9.6

<ul><li><p>Nonpolar</p></li><li><p>Val, V</p></li><li><p>α-COOH pKa: 2.3</p></li><li><p>α-NH3+ pKa: 9.6</p></li></ul><p></p>

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4

Proline

Nonpolar
Pro, P
α-COOH pKa: 2.1
α-NH3+ pKa: 10.6

<ul><li><p>Nonpolar</p></li><li><p>Pro, P</p></li><li><p>α-COOH pKa: 2.1</p></li><li><p>α-NH3+ pKa: 10.6</p></li></ul><p></p>

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5

Methionine*

Nonpolar
Met, M
α-COOH pKa: 2.3
α-NH3+ pKa: 9.2
* Oxidized at the sulfur

<ul><li><p>Nonpolar</p></li><li><p>Met, M</p></li><li><p>α-COOH pKa: 2.3</p></li><li><p>α-NH3+ pKa: 9.2</p></li><li><p>* Oxidized at the sulfur</p></li></ul><p></p>

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6

Tryptophan

Nonpolar
Trp, W
α-COOH pKa: 2.4
α-NH3+ pKa: 9.4

<ul><li><p>Nonpolar</p></li><li><p>Trp, W</p></li><li><p>α-COOH pKa: 2.4</p></li><li><p>α-NH3+ pKa: 9.4</p></li></ul><p></p>

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7

Phenylalanine

Nonpolar
Phe, F
α-COOH pKa: 1.8
α-NH3+ pKa: 9.1

<ul><li><p>Nonpolar</p></li><li><p>Phe, F</p></li><li><p>α-COOH pKa: 1.8</p></li><li><p>α-NH3+ pKa: 9.1</p></li></ul><p></p>

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8

Isoleucine

Nonpolar
Ile, I
α-COOH pKa: 2.4
α-NH3+ pKa: 9.7

<ul><li><p>Nonpolar</p></li><li><p>Ile, I</p></li><li><p>α-COOH pKa: 2.4</p></li><li><p>α-NH3+ pKa: 9.7</p></li></ul><p></p>

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9

Glycine

Polar, uncharged
Gly, G
α-COOH pKa: 2.3
α-NH3+ pKa: 9.6

<ul><li><p>Polar, uncharged</p></li><li><p>Gly, G</p></li><li><p>α-COOH pKa: 2.3</p></li><li><p>α-NH3+ pKa: 9.6</p></li></ul><p></p>

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10

Serine*

Polar, uncharged
Ser, S
α-COOH pKa: 2.2
α-NH3+ pKa: 9.2
R-Group pKa: ~13
* Weak acid and can give up H+

<ul><li><p>Polar, uncharged</p></li><li><p>Ser, S</p></li><li><p>α-COOH pKa: 2.2</p></li><li><p>α-NH3+ pKa: 9.2</p></li><li><p>R-Group pKa: ~13</p></li><li><p>* Weak acid and can give up H+</p></li></ul><p></p>

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11

Asparagine

Polar, uncharged
Asn, N
α-COOH pKa: 2.0
α-NH3+ pKa: 8.8

<ul><li><p>Polar, uncharged</p></li><li><p>Asn, N</p></li><li><p>α-COOH pKa: 2.0</p></li><li><p>α-NH3+ pKa: 8.8</p></li></ul><p></p>

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12

Glutamine

Polar, uncharged
Gln, Q
α-COOH pKa: 2.2
α-NH3+ pKa: 9.1

<ul><li><p>Polar, uncharged</p></li><li><p>Gln, Q</p></li><li><p>α-COOH pKa: 2.2</p></li><li><p>α-NH3+ pKa: 9.1</p></li></ul><p></p>

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13

Threonine

Polar, uncharged
Thr, T
α-COOH pKa: 2.6
α-NH3+ pKa: 10.4
R-Group pKa: ~13

<ul><li><p>Polar, uncharged</p></li><li><p>Thr, T</p></li><li><p>α-COOH pKa: 2.6</p></li><li><p>α-NH3+ pKa: 10.4</p></li><li><p>R-Group pKa: ~13</p></li></ul><p></p>

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14

Cysteine*

Polar, uncharged
Cys, C
α-COOH pKa: 1.7
α-NH3+ pKa: 10.8
R-Group pKa: 8.3
* Disulfide bridge

<ul><li><p>Polar, uncharged</p></li><li><p>Cys, C</p></li><li><p>α-COOH pKa: 1.7</p></li><li><p>α-NH3+ pKa: 10.8</p></li><li><p>R-Group pKa: 8.3</p></li><li><p>* Disulfide bridge</p></li></ul><p></p>

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15

Tyrosine

Polar, uncharged
Tyr, Y
α-COOH pKa: 2.2
α-NH3+ pKa: 9.1
R-Group pKa: 10.1

<ul><li><p>Polar, uncharged</p></li><li><p>Tyr, Y</p></li><li><p>α-COOH pKa: 2.2</p></li><li><p>α-NH3+ pKa: 9.1</p></li><li><p>R-Group pKa: 10.1</p></li></ul><p></p>

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16

Aspartic Acid

Acidic
Asp, D
α-COOH pKa: 2.1
α-NH3+ pKa: 9.8
R-Group pKa: 3.9

<ul><li><p>Acidic</p></li><li><p>Asp, D</p></li><li><p>α-COOH pKa: 2.1</p></li><li><p>α-NH3+ pKa: 9.8</p></li><li><p>R-Group pKa: 3.9</p></li></ul><p></p>

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17

Glutamic Acid

Acidic
Glu, E
α-COOH pKa: 2.2
α-NH3+ pKa: 9.7
R-Group pKa: 4.3

<ul><li><p>Acidic</p></li><li><p>Glu, E</p></li><li><p>α-COOH pKa: 2.2</p></li><li><p>α-NH3+ pKa: 9.7</p></li><li><p>R-Group pKa: 4.3</p></li></ul><p></p>

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18

Lysine*

Basic
Lys, K
α-COOH pKa: 2.2
α-NH3+ pKa: 9.0
R-Group pKa: 10.5
* Most common

<ul><li><p>Basic</p></li><li><p>Lys, K</p></li><li><p>α-COOH pKa: 2.2</p></li><li><p>α-NH3+ pKa: 9.0</p></li><li><p>R-Group pKa: 10.5</p></li><li><p>* Most common</p></li></ul><p></p>

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19

Arginine*

Basic
Arg, R
α-COOH pKa: 2.2
α-NH3+ pKa: 9.0
R-Group pKa: 12.5
* Most common

<ul><li><p>Basic</p></li><li><p>Arg, R</p></li><li><p>α-COOH pKa: 2.2</p></li><li><p>α-NH3+ pKa: 9.0</p></li><li><p>R-Group pKa: 12.5</p></li><li><p>* Most common</p></li></ul><p></p>

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20

Histidine*

Basic
His, H
α-COOH pKa: 1.8
α-NH3+ pKa: 9.2
* R-Group pKa: 6.0

<ul><li><p>Basic</p></li><li><p>His, H</p></li><li><p>α-COOH pKa: 1.8</p></li><li><p>α-NH3+ pKa: 9.2</p></li><li><p>* R-Group pKa: 6.0</p></li></ul><p></p>

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