Chapter 24 & 25 General Study Guide

Freud

Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) introduced psychoanalysis and emphasized the role of the unconscious mind.

Will to Power

Nietzsche's concept positing that a fundamental driving force in humans is to assert oneself.

Élan Vital

Bergson's concept of a creative force driving the evolution of life.

Reflections on Violence

Sorel's work arguing that violence could be a legitimate tool against capitalism.

Theory of Relativity

Einstein's groundbreaking theory fundamentally changing concepts of time and space.

Quantum Theory

Planck's theory describing the dual nature of matter and energy, crucial for quantum mechanics.

Women’s Suffrage Movement

Movement advocating for women's voting rights, significantly gaining traction in the late 1800s.

Susan B. Anthony

Key figure in the American women's suffrage movement and co-founder of the National Woman Suffrage Association.

Emmeline Pankhurst

British activist known for founding the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU) with militant tactics.

Dreyfus Affair

Political scandal in France highlighting issues of anti-Semitism and wrongful conviction.

Triple Alliance

Alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy, aimed at counterbalancing France and Russia.

The Great War

World War I (1914-1918) known for trench warfare and new military technologies.

Russian Revolution

Event leading to the overthrow of Tsar Nicholas II, establishing the world’s first communist government.

Treaty of Versailles

Post-WWI treaty imposing reparations on Germany and setting the stage for future conflicts.