KNES 310 Exam 2- Joints and Motions of Whole Body

Irregular Bones

specialized bones with odd shape

Long bones

long shaft, load bearing surfaces at either end, provide levers to facilitate movement

ex. femur

Sesamoid bones

bones inside tendons adjacent to joints used to increase protection and mechanical advantage

ex. patella

Synarthrotic joints

immovable joints

ex. skull and pelvis

Amphiarthrotic joints

slightly movable, sub catagories- syndesmosis, synchondrosis

Syndesmosis joint

bound my ligaments, amphiarthrotic

Synchondrosis joint

bound by cartilage, amphiarthrotic

Diarthrotic joints

based on axis; gliding, pivot, hinge, oids, saddle, ball and socket

Flat bones

protective bones- relatively large, smooth areas

ex. ribs, skull, scapula

short bones

small, compact bones that dissipate force by gliding/shifting about each other

ex. carpals and tarsals

Gliding joints

Joints Between the Carpals - these joints allowed bones to slide over one another, non axial

ex. vertebrae

Pivot joint

joint that allows the rotation of one bone around another bon, uni axial

ex. radio-ulna

Hinge joint

moves in one direction, uni axial

ex. elbows and knees

Oids

bi axial joints with one bone concave and one convex

Condyloid, Ellipsoid

Condyloid joint

allows for passive rotation

Ellipsoid joint

does not allow passive rotation

Saddle joint

bi axial, boh bones concave

ex. thumb

Ball & Socket joint

tri axial

ex. hip and shoulder

How many ankle motions are there?

2- plantar-flexion, dorsi-flexion

What motion occurs at the subtalar joint?

inversion/eversion

Which motions occur in the knee's sagital plane?

flexion/extension

Which motions occur in the knee's transverse plane?

Internal rotation/external rotation

Which motion occurs in the hip's sagital plane?

flexion/extension

Which motion occurs in the hip's frontal plane?

abduction/adduction

Which motion occurs in the hip's transverse plane when standing?

internal rotation/external rotation

Which motion occurs in the hip's transverse plane when there is hip flexion? (in a seated or bent position)

horizontal abduction/horizontal adduction

What motion occurs in the wrist's sagital plane?

flexion/extension

What motion occurs in the wrist's frontal plane?

ulnar deviation/radial deviation

What motion occurs in the radio-ulnar joint?

pronation/supination

What motion occurs in the elbow's sagital plane?

flexion/extension

What motion occurs in the shoulder's sagital plane?

flexion/extension

What motion occurs in the shoulder's frontal plane?

abduction/adduction

What motions (4) occurs in the shoulder's transverse plane?

internal rotation/external rotation

horizontal abduction/horizontal adduction

What motion occurs in the scapula when you reach all the way forward?

protraction

What motion occurs in the scapula when you reach all the way backward?

retraction

What motion occurs in the scapula when you reach stright upwards?

elevation

What motion occurs in the scapula when you reach straight downward?

depression

What motion occurs in the scapula when your arms raise during a jumping jack?

upward rotation

What motion occurs in the scapula when your arms lower during a jumping jack?

downward rotation

What is the grouped name of the top seven vertebra?

cervical vertebrae

What cervical motion is chin to chest?

flexion

What cervical motion is chin away from chest?

extension

What cervical motion is "right ear to right shoulder?"

right lateral cervical bending

What cervical motion is "left ear to left shoulder?"

left lateral cervical bending

What cervical motion happens when you look to the right?

right transverse cervical rotation

What cervical motion happens when you look to the left?

left transverse cervical rotation

What is the group name of the vertebra in the thoracic and lumbar area?

trunk

What trunk motions occurs when you are getting into fetal position?

trunk flexion

What trunk motion occurs when you are moving away from fetal position?

trunk extension

What trunk motion occurs when your upper body is fixed and your pelvis faces right?

left transverse trunk rotation

What trunk motion occurs when your upper body is fixed and your pelvis faces left?

right transverse trunk rotation

What trunk motion occurs when your upper body is fixed and your pelvis "pours water" to the left?

right lateral trunk bending

What trunk motion occurs when your upper body is fixed and your pelvis "pours water" to the right?

left lateral trunk bending

What is the lower extremely vertebra joint name?

Pelvic girdle

What pelvic motion occurs when you do a forward roll?

pelvic girdle anterior rotation

What pelvic motion occurs when you do a backward roll?

pelvic girdle posterior rotation

What pelvic motion occurs because of a cartwheel to the left?

left lateral pelvic girdle rotation

What pelvic motion occurs because of a cartwheel to the right?

right lateral pelvic girdle rotation

What pelvic motion occurs when the upper body is fixed and the trunk has right transverse rotates?

left transverse pelvic girdle rotation

What pelvic motion occurs when the upper body is fixed and the trunk has left transverse rotation?

right transverse pelvic girdle rotation

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