EMT Final

Whenever you touch non intact skin

Gloves, a mask, eye protection, and a face shield should be used:

Duty to act, breach of duty, injury/damages, and causation

Which of the following components are needed to prove negligence?

Have your partner check for a pulse to confirm that the patient is deceased.

You and your partner arrive at the scene of a major motor vehicle crash. The driver, a young male, is severely entrapped in his car. He has an open head injury and massive facial trauma. He is unresponsive, is not breathing, and does not have a palpable carotid pulse. You should:

A preliminary diagnosis of the patient's problem

Information included in a radio report to the receiving hospital should include all of the following, EXCEPT:

The official transfer of patient care does not occur until the EMT:

Gives an oral report to the emergency room physician or nurse

A patient has kidney disease that is causing him severe pain. What condition does he have and what would be administered for his pain?

Nephropathy; analgesic

Relative to the ankle, the knee is:

Superior

At rest, the normal adult heart rate should not exceed:

100 beats/min

Deoxygenated blood from the abdomen, pelvis, and lower extremities is returned to the right atrium via the:

Superior vena cava

The leaf-shaped flap of cartilage that prevents food and liquid from entering the trachea during swallowing is called the:

Epiglottis

Which of the following is function of the upper airway?

Warms and humidifies inhaled air

A 4-year-old boy had an apparent seizure. He is conscious and calm and sitting in his mother's lap. His father is sitting in a nearby chair. The child's mother suddenly begins to cry uncontrollably, which causes the child to start crying. You should:

Ask the father to hold the child so you can assess him while your partner tries to calm the mother

You are dispatched to a call for a 4-month-old infant with respiratory distress. While you prepare to take care of this child, you must remember that:

Small infants are nose breathers and require clear nasal passages at all times

A 56-year-old female is found supine in a narrow hallway of her mobile home. She complains of severe weakness and dizziness, and states that she is unable to walk. There is no evidence of trauma, and the patient states that she did not fall. How should you and your partner move this patient to a more spacious area?

Extremity lift

An 81-year-old female fell and struck her head. You find the patient lying on her left side she is conscious and complains of neck and upper back pain. As you are assessing her, you note that she has a severely kyphotic spine. What is the MOST appropriate way of immobilizing this patient?

Leave her on her side and use blanket rolls to immobilize her to the long backboard

When performing the rapid extrication technique to remove a patient from his or her vehicle, you should:

Apply a cervical collar and remove the patient on a ling backboard

When pulling a patient, you should extend your arms no more than _______ in front of your torso?

15-20

Which statement regarding the neonatal isolette is correct

The isolette serves to keep the neonate was and protects him or her from excess handling

You and your partner enter a residence of an elderly couple, both of whom are found unconscious in their bed. There is no evidence of trauma. As you begin your assessment, you and your partner notice the smell of natural gas in the residence. What is the most appropriate action?

Rapidly remove the patients from their residence using blanket or clothes drag

You have two patients who were involved in a motor vehicle crash when their SUV struck a tree—one with neck and back pain, and the other with a deformed left femur. The patient with the deformed femur states that he does not want to be placed on a hard board, nor does he want a collar around his neck. What is the MOST appropriate and practical method of securing these patients and placing them into the ambulance?

Immobilize the patient with neck and back pain on a long backboard and place him on the wheeled stretcher; place the patient with the deformed femur on a folding stretcher secured to the squad bench.

After assuming care of a cardiac arrest patient from an EMT, the paramedic should remember that:

BLS efforts must continue throughout the patients care continuum

A 40-year-old make crashed his motorcycle into a tree. He is semiconscious, has snoring respirations and has a laceration to the forearm with minimal bleeding. You should?

Open his airway with the jaw thrust maneuver

A crackling sound produced by air bubbles under the skin is called:

Crepitus

A decrease in blood pressure may indicate:

Loss of vascular tone

A palpable pulse is created by:

Pressure waves through the arteries caused by cardiac contraction

After performing a head tilt-chin lift maneuver to open the airway of an unresponsive patient who has a pulse, you should:

Suction as needed and insert an airway adjunct

During a 30 minute transport of a stable patient, you should reassess him or her at least _____ times

2

You should avoid palpating a patients pelvis if:

The patients complains of pelvic pain

You should suspect that a patient is experiencing respiratory distress if he or she:

Has bradycardia and diminished muscle tone

A 49-year-old male with an extensive cardiac history presents with 2 hours of crushing chest pain and shortness of breath. He is pale and diaphoretic and tells you that he feels like he is going to die. His medications include nitroglycerin, sildenafil (Viagra), and enalapril (Vasotec). His blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg and his heart rate is 110 beats/min. In addition to administering 100% oxygen, you should

Ask him if he took his Viagra within the past 24 hours

EMTs respond to a known heroin abuser who is unresponsive. If they give naloxone (Narcan) to this patient, the EMTs should recall that:

Naloxone administration could cause seizures in this patient.

How is nitroglycerin usually given by the EMT?

Sublingually

Which of the following clinical signs would necessitate the administration of naloxone (Narcan) overdose?

Slow respirations

A 56-year-old male is found semiconscious by his wife. Your assessment reveals that his respirations are rapid and shallow, his pulse is rapid and irregular, and his blood pressure is low. The patient's wife states that he complained of left arm pain and nausea the day before, but would not allow her to call 9-1-1. The MOST likely cause of this patient's present condition is

cardiogenic hypoperfusion

A construction worker fell approximately 30 feet. He is semiconscious with rapid, shallow respirations. Further assessment reveals deformity to the thoracic region of his spine. His blood pressure is 70/50 mm Hg, his pulse is 66 beats/min and weak, and his skin is warm and dry. In addition to spinal immobilization and rapid transport, the MOST appropriate treatment for this patient includes:

assisted ventilation, thermal management, and elevation of the lower extremities.

Patients develop septic shock secondary to:

Poor vessel function and severe volume loss

Temporary, widespread vasodilation and syncope caused by a sudden nervous system reaction MOST accurately describes:

Psychogenic shock

You are transporting a 33-year-old male who was involved in a major motor vehicle crash. You have addressed all immediate and potentially life-threatening conditions and have stabilized his condition with the appropriate treatment. With an estimated time of arrival at the hospital of 20 minutes, you should:

Reassess his condition in 5 minutes

The MOST appropriate treatment for a patient with a mild upper airway obstruction includes:

Administering oxygen and transporting immediately

Which of the following is NOT an indication to stop CPR once you have started?

Care is transferred to a bystander

While rescuer one is finishing his or her fifth cycle of 30 compressions, rescuer two should:

Move to the opposite side of the patient's chest

Call 9-1-1 and then return to begin CPR on the child

You are off duty at a park when you witness an apparently healthy 12-year-old child suddenly collapse. There are no bystanders around and your mobile phone is in your car. After confirming that the child is in cardiac arrest, you should:

Aspiration pneumonia

While auscultating an elderly woman's breath sounds, you hear low-pitched "rattling" sounds at the bases of both of her lungs. This finding is MOST consistent with which of the following conditions?

Instruct him to hold his breath for as long as he comfortably can

You are assisting an asthma patient with his prescribed metered-dose inhaler. After the patient takes a deep breath and depresses the inhaler, you should:

Acute pulmonary embolism

You are dispatched to a residence for a 67-year-old female who was awakened by shortness of breath and sharp chest pain. Her husband tells you that she was recently discharged from the hospital after having hip surgery. Your assessment reveals dried blood around her mouth, facial cyanosis, and an oxygen saturation of 88%. You should suspect:

Insert a nasopharyngeal airway and begin assisted ventilation

You are dispatched to an apartment complex where a 21-year-old female has apparently overdosed on several narcotic medications. She is semiconscious and has slow, shallow respirations. You should:

You receive a call for a 70-year-old female with respiratory distress her husband tells you that she has congestive heart failure however he does not think that she has been taking her medications as prescribed the patient is laboring to breath appears tired and has cyanosis around her lips you should

Assist her ventilations with a bag mask device

A 40-year-old man is in cardiac arrest. Your partner is performing CPR. You are attaching the AED when the patient's wife tells you that he has an automatic implantable cardiac defibrillator (AICD). The AED advises that a shock is indicated. What should you do?

Deliver the shock followed by immediate resumption of CPR

A 49-year-old male presents with an acute onset of crushing chest pain and diaphoresis. You should:

Assess the adequacy of his respirations

A 66-year-old woman presents with a stabbing pain in the middle of her chest that radiates to her back. She tells you that the pain suddenly began about 30 minutes ago and has been severe since the onset. She has a history of hypertension, but admits to being noncompliant with her antihypertensive medications. When you assess her, you find that her blood pressure is significantly higher in her left arm than it is in her right arm. What are her signs and symptoms MOST indicative of?

Dissecting aortic aneurysm