Storage in Plants and Animals

Important Factors For Germination and give an explainnation on why each are imporatnt.

1. Adequate water - beacuse seeds are usally dry so it water helps in :

   • Mosisten stored food

   • Stimulates growth

   • Intiates metabolic reactions

   • Aids in the transportaion of substances

2. Optimal ph Level

   • Stimulates enzymes to work

   • Maintains condition for reactions

3. Available Oxygen

   • The processes of growth and development require energy

4. The correct temperature

   • Depending on the type of seeds, a certain temperture is needed to activate enzymes and hormones

what are the three conditions needed for germination and why

1. water - Moves rapidly into the micropyle (tiny hole in the seed)and to all the cells. Enzymes are activated and starch is broken down to glucose for respiration

2. oxygen – needed for respiration

3. warmth – to provide the optimum temperature for enzymes

State three ways in which plants and animals store food in their bodies.

1. State two reasons why animals store food in their bodies.

2. State two reasons why plants store food.

In Anmials :

1. To provide energy when they are not eating (e.g., during rest or sleep).

2. To survive during times when food is scarce, like during droughts or famines.

In Plants :

1. To provide energy when they are not eating (e.g., during rest or sleep).

2. To survive during times when food is scarce, like during droughts or famines.

3. to produce reproductive structures (fruits, seeds and embryos must store

food).

Here’s a CXC-style question that fits the answer given:

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Question:
(a) List three parts of a plant where food is stored.
(b) For each part listed, name one example of a plant and explain the importance of food storage in that part.

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Would you like a multiple-choice version too?

(a) Three parts of a plant where food can be stored are:

1. Leaves

2. Stems

3. Roots

(b)

1. Leaves – Cabbage stores food in its leaves. This provides energy for respiration and growth, especially when photosynthesis cannot occur.

2. Stems – Potato stores food in its underground stem (stem tuber). This allows the plant to survive during dry seasons and regrow when conditions improve.

3. Roots – Carrot stores food in its tap root. This food helps the plant grow quickly when good conditions return.

what is germination?

Germination is the growth of a seed into a seedling

Explain the importance of storage in:

(a) an animal cell

(b) the liver.

(a) Animal cell:

– Stores glycogen for energy when food is not available.

– Stores fat for long-term energy and insulation.

(b) Liver cell:

– Stores glycogen to help regulate blood sugar levels.

– Releases glucose when the body needs energy.

What is the importance of food stored in (i) an egg and (ii) a seed?

a) Egg:

– Stores food to nourish the developing embryo.

– Provides energy and nutrients before the young animal can feed on its own.

(b) Seed:

– Stores food to support the growth of the seedling.

– Helps the plant start growing until it can photosynthesize on its own.

Outline one reason why starch is the perferred storage materials in plants.

Starch is preferred in plants because it is insoluble, so it does not dissolve in water and does not affect the water balance inside plant cells.

Discuss the processes by which the raw materials required for making nutrients reach the leaves of the plant.

Carbon dioxide -it diffuses into the leaves through the stomata from the atmosphere

water - it enters the root through the root hair cells by osmosis Due to transpiration ' water is being pulled through the xylem vessels towards the leaves.

Identify three substances that are stored in plants and state the part of the plant where each is stored.

Substances stored in plants and their storage sites:

1. Starch – stored in the roots (e.g., yam or cassava)

2. Sugar – stored in the stem (e.g., sugar cane)

3. Oil – stored in the seeds (e.g., sunflower or corn)

Give 3 ways in which the flowerd which undergo wind po;;ination differ from those pollinated by insects