WH - Roman Republic
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19 Terms
Who were the twin brothers in Roman mythology?
Romulus and Remus
Which groups significantly impacted the early Romans?
Latins, Greeks, and Etruscans
What did the Romans adopt from the Etruscans?
The alphabet and architecture
What form of government did the Romans adopt due to harsh leadership?
A Republic
Who had the right to vote in the Roman Republic?
Free-born males
What were the two main social classes in Rome?
Patricians and Plebeians
What power did Patricians hold in Roman society?
Inherited power and held most political power
What role did Plebeians play in the Roman government?
Represented commoners, could elect tribunes, and created the Twelve Tables
What were the Twelve Tables?
The foundation of Roman law that provided legal protections for free citizens
What was the structure of the Roman executive branch?
Led by 2 Consuls for one-year terms
What was the role of the Senate in the Roman Republic?
Made laws and consisted of 300 members from the upper class
What was the purpose of appointing a dictator in the Roman Republic?
To make laws during a crisis, with a term limit of six months
What was the military organization in the Roman Republic?
Citizens who owned land were required to serve, organized into legions of 5,000 soldiers
What were the Punic Wars?
A series of three wars between Rome and Carthage from 264 B.C.E. to 146 B.C.E.
What was the outcome of the First Punic War?
Rome gained control of Sicily and defeated Carthage
Who was Hannibal?
The leading general for Carthage during the Second Punic War, known for his tactics through the Alps
What was the result of the Third Punic War?
Rome, led by Scipio, defeated Carthage and set the city on fire
What were the effects of the Punic Wars on the Roman Republic?
Costly wars that led to the downfall of the Republic and increased wealth disparity
How did the Punic Wars affect farmers and the lower class in Rome?
Extended military tours led to land sales, and cheap slave labor made it difficult for soldiers to find work
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