Asian American Heterogeneity, Internment, and Cultural Politics

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Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms, people, concepts, and events from the lecture on Asian American heterogeneity, internment history, and cultural politics.

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28 Terms

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Allegiance (musical)

A Broadway show inspired by George Takei’s family story, focusing on Japanese American internment and themes of loyalty and identity.

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George Takei

Japanese American actor/activist whose internment experience inspired the musical Allegiance and ongoing civil-rights advocacy.

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Lea Salonga

Tony-winning Filipina singer-actress who starred in Allegiance, symbolizing Asian American representation on stage.

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Telly Leung

Chinese American actor who played the younger Takei character in Allegiance, highlighting generational viewpoints.

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Gaman

Japanese term meaning “to endure the seemingly unbearable with dignity and patience,” central to internment-camp survival and art.

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The Art of Gaman (exhibition)

Renwick Gallery show (2010–11) featuring crafts made by Japanese American internees, illustrating resilience through creativity.

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Japanese American Internment Camps

Ten U.S. wartime incarceration sites (1942–46) that confined over 120,000 persons of Japanese ancestry, two-thirds U.S. citizens.

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Proclamation 2525

FDR order (Dec 7 1941) labeling Japanese nationals 14+ as enemy aliens, paving the way for restrictions and internment.

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Proclamation 2526

FDR order (Dec 8 1941) extending enemy-alien status to foreign-born Germans during WWII.

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Proclamation 2527

FDR order (Dec 8 1941) classifying foreign-born Italians as enemy aliens alongside Japanese and Germans.

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Enemy Alien

Legal category in WWII America for nationals of Axis countries lacking U.S. citizenship paperwork, subject to detention.

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Camp Algiers

Louisiana INS detention station that held Jewish and other Latin American deportees as ‘enemy aliens’ during WWII.

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Model Minority Myth

Stereotype portraying Asian Americans as universally successful, obscuring diversity and minimizing racism against them.

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Hegemony (Gramsci)

Process by which a dominant group secures consent through cultural ‘common sense,’ blending coercion with ideology.

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Antonio Gramsci

Italian Marxist theorist who coined the social-theory concept of hegemony used to analyze power and consent.

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Strategic Essentialism

Temporary political tactic of emphasizing shared identity to mobilize a group while downplaying internal differences.

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Critique of Strategic Essentialism

Lowe argues it risks freezing identities, erasing class/gender differences, and reinforcing racist homogenization of Asians.

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Asian American Heterogeneity

Recognition that Asian America comprises multiple ethnicities, generations, classes, genders, and migration histories.

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Hybridity

Condition of mixed cultural identities; Lowe uses it to contest fixed binaries of ‘American’ vs. ‘Asian.’

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Intergenerationality

Differences and negotiations between immigrant parents and U.S.-born children over culture, class, and gender norms.

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Janice Mirikitani

Sansei poet whose works (‘Japs,’ ‘Preparing Fish’) explore internment memory, feminism, and solidarity with other peoples of color.

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Oshogatsu

Japanese New Year; Mirikitani’s poem uses fish preparation at Oshogatsu to express cultural politics and resistance.

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The Joy Luck Club

Amy Tan novel/film depicting Chinese American mother–daughter conflicts over sacrifice, class, and cultural meaning.

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The Woman Warrior

Maxine Hong Kingston memoir raising questions about distinguishing personal, familial, and Chinese cultural influences.

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Passing (cultural)

Act of adopting dominant cultural traits to avoid marginalization; discussed in relation to Korean-Japanese assimilation.

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Letters for Black Lives

Crowdsourced multilingual letter project where Asian diasporic youth explain Black Lives Matter to older generations, modeling cross-racial solidarity.

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Yuri Kochiyama

Japanese American civil-rights activist who allied with Malcolm X and advocated pan-ethnic and cross-racial justice.

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Art, Film, and Literature as Public Memory

Creative media (e.g., Allegiance, poetry, exhibitions) used to include marginalized voices in collective WWII remembrance.