Chapter 5 - Nutrition basics summarized

how many essential nutrient does the body require?

The human body requires about 50 essential nutrients in
specific proportions.

• People get the nutrients needed to fuel their bodies and
  maintain tissues and organ systems from foods; the body cannot synthesize most of
  them.

what do Proteins, made up of amino acids form?

what do foods from animal sources provide?

form muscles and bones and help make up blood,
enzymes, hormones, and cell membranes

• Foods from animal sources provide complete proteins; plants provide incomplete proteins

function of fats?

Fats, a concentrated source of energy, also help insulate the body and cushion the organs;

• 15 mL of vegetable oil per day supplies the essential fats. Dietary fat intake should be 20 to 35 percent of total daily calories. Unsaturated fats should be favoured over saturated and trans fats.

  
  

what do Carbohydrates supply?

supply energy to the brain and other parts of the nervous system as well as to red blood cells

what are fibers?

includes non-digestible carbohydrates provided mainly by plants. Adequate intake of fibre (38 grams per day for men and 25 grams per day for women) can help people manage diabetes and high cholesterol levels and improve intestinal health

what are the characteristics of The 13 vitamins needed in our diet?

are organic substances that promote specific chemical and cell processes within living tissue. Deficiencies or excesses can cause serious illnesses and even death.

how many minerals are inorganic substances and what’s there function

The approximately 17 minerals needed in the diet are inorganic substances that regulate body functions, aid in the growth and maintenance of body tissues, and help in the release of energy from foods

what is water used for?

s used to digest and absorb food, transport substances around the
body, lubricate joints and organs, and regulate body temperature.

what other substances does food contain?

contain other substances, such as phytochemicals, which may not be essential nutrients but which reduce chronic disease risk

what are recommended intakes for essential nutrients
that meet the needs of healthy people

Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)

can a well planned vegetarian diet meet our nutritional needs

yes

what do almost all foods have?

have labels that show how much fat, cholesterol, protein,
fibre, and sodium they contain. Serving sizes are standardized, and health claims are carefully regulated

what is a greater danger to our health than additives and
environmental contaminants.

Food-borne illnesses

what are other dietary issues that concern people? (4)

include organic foods, food irradiation, genetic modification of foods, and food allergies and intolerances