Comparing Types of Cells

Which cell type lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles?
A. Plant cell
B. Fungal cell
C. Animal cell
D. Bacterial cell

Answer: D (Key: Bacteria are prokaryotic; they lack a nucleus and organelles.)

What polysaccharide is found in fungal cell walls but not in plant cell walls?
A. Cellulose
B. Chitin
C. Starch
D. Glycogen

Answer: B (Key: Fungal cell walls contain chitin; plant cell walls contain cellulose.)

Which structure is present in plant cells but absent in animal cells?
A. Mitochondria
B. Lysosomes
C. Chloroplasts
D. Ribosomes

Answer: C (Key: Chloroplasts are unique to plant cells for photosynthesis.)

How does the absence of a cell wall benefit animal cells?
A. It allows for rigid structural support.
B. It enables diverse cell shapes for specialized functions.
C. It prevents cellular digestion.
D. It increases energy production.

Answer: B (Key: Lack of cell wall allows flexibility, e.g., elongated muscle cells or concave RBCs.)

Which organelle performs cellular digestion in plant cells, replacing lysosomes?
A. Central vacuole
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Rough ER
D. Nucleolus

Answer: A (Key: Plant vacuoles contain digestive enzymes, similar to lysosomes in animal cells.)

What feature distinguishes yeast (a fungus) from bacteria?
A. Presence of a nucleus
B. Ability to photosynthesize
C. Lack of ribosomes
D. Absence of DNA

Answer: A (Key: Yeast is eukaryotic; bacteria are prokaryotic.)

Which statement about mitochondria is true?
A. Found only in animal cells.
B. Absent in all prokaryotes.
C. Present in fungi but not plants.
D. Replace chloroplasts in plant

Answer: B (Key: Prokaryotes (e.g., bacteria) lack mitochondria.)

How can you distinguish an aquatic fungus from an animal under a microscope?
A. Check for chloroplasts.
B. Look for a cell wall.
C. Observe movement.
D. Test for photosynthesis.

Answer: B (Key: Fungi have chitinous cell walls; animal cells lack walls.)

What is the primary role of centrioles in animal cells?
A. Protein synthesis
B. Cellular respiration
C. Chromosome separation during mitosis
D. Photosynthesis

Answer: C (Key: Centrioles organize spindle fibers for mitosis.)

Which cell type has a large central vacuole and cellulose cell wall?
A. Bacterial cell
B. Fungal cell
C. Plant cell
D. Animal cell

Answer: C (Key: These are defining features of plant cells.)