Prose

According to Todorov, the theory of the structures of narrative is called…

narratology

A narrative can be divided into…

story and discourse (= subordinates aspects which can be part of literary analysis)

A sequence of events in their … order, tell a …

chronological order tell a story

What is the contrast to the story?

The plot, which consists of structure underlying events and includes among other aspects casualties.

What do we do when there is a story within a story?

Differentiate between the frame narrative (= main story line) and the embedded narrative (= e.g. characters telling each other stories)

A covert narration (=verdeckte Erzählung) is…

• the opposite of an obvious or “overt” narration

• conceiled

Another word for the story world is…

diegesis

When the narrator is part of the story:

homodiegetic narrator

If the narrator is the protagonist they are called…

autodiegetic narrator

If the narrator is the side character they are called… ???

heterodiegetic narrator (→ hetero = different)

Can you always trust every word the narrator say?

No, because a narrator can also be unreliable and confuse the reader on purpose

The intended reader, also called narratee, is sometimes directly addresses. What effect does it have?

Social/ political criticism = might think about it more deeply/ related to their own life

Educational intention of the author

Convince the reader to continue reading, make reading experience more interesting

Narrator may appear more reliable and lull reader into false sense of security.

What is the most mimetic form of presentation?

speech

What is the most diegetic form of presentation?

Comment

What is the technical term for direct presentation?

Mimesis

What is a more common point of access to characters’ consciousness and easier for readers to understand?

Psychonarration

What kind of presentation is a Diegesis?

Mediated

Who perceives things in a story?

focalizer

What is direct characterization called?

Telling

What is the focalization called, if a story is only told through one person’s perspective?

Fixed focalization

What is the term for a monologue consisting of a character’s thoughts only?

interior monologue

What is the term for a narrator who is also a character in the story?

homodiegetic narrator

What is the term for a non-orderly way of telling sequences of thoughts and memories?

stream of consciousness

What is indirect characterization also called?

showing characterization

Who is telling a story?

narrator